308 



MINERALS AND GEOLOGY 



Kingston and Perth, mostly in veins associated with calcite, phlo- 

 gopite, and pyroxene. At present however, these deposits are 

 practically idle, the phosphate now shipped from Canada coming 

 essentially from the left bank of the Ottawa in the Province of 

 Quebec. The township of Burgess has also yielded some good mica ; 

 and marble quarries have been opened, among other places, in the 

 townships of McNabb, Fitzroy, Barrie, and Elzevir. The tine grey 

 marble of Arn prior in the township of McNabb, has been largely 

 used in the interior of the Parliamentary Buildings at Ottawa. 



THE LOWER OTTAWA DISTRICT. 



This is essentially an agricultural area, underlaid by Palaeozoic 

 formations in comparatively undisturbed stratification. It occupies 

 the country between the right bank of the Ottawa and the left bank 

 of the St. Lawrence, extending to the Province boundary near the 

 junction of these rivers. On the west, it is bounded by a line ex- 

 tending roughly from Brock ville to the vicinity of Perth, and from 

 t"he latter point to the Ottawa a little north of the mouth of the 

 Madawaska. It presents a generally level surface, although some 

 bold escarpments, in part connected with faults, occur within its 

 limits, especially around Ottawa city, and in the townships of Cumber- 

 land, Alfred, L'Orignal and Hawkesbury. The height above the sea 

 at the junction of the Ottawa and St. Lawrence rivers, is about 60 

 feet; and at the foot of the Chaudiere Falls, about 118 feet. From 

 these levels, the district rises near its north-west boundary to about 

 400 feet, and its average elevation may be placed at from 250 to 300 

 feet above the sea. In some parts of Cumberland and other town- 

 ships, extensive swamps occur, but viewed generally, the district is 

 well timbered and of good fertility. The Rideau Canal passes 

 through its central portion, and a large part of its more southern 

 area is drained by the South Nation River, which rises near the St. 

 Lawrence in Edwardsburg, and flowing north-east, falls into the 

 Ottawa, in the township of Planta genet. 



The strata of the district belong to the Cambrian and Lower 

 Silurian series, but these are overlaid in many places by Drift 



