ANIMAL AND HUMAN PERCEPTION. 121 



afterwards fused into a single fact, it follows that 

 the extrinsic relations of beings and forces are sub- 

 jectively reciprocal ; there is the given form of a 

 phenomenon, and, intrinsically, it consists of an 

 active power, eternally at work, since there is no 

 being nor form which stands still and is not repro- 

 duced in the infinite evolution of the universe. 



Since, to the percipient, the extrinsic form, what- 

 ever it may be, remains the same as that which was 

 first presented to him, the phenomenon is bounded 

 by his faculty of perception, followed by the imme- 

 diate and implicit assumption of a subject, and 

 consequently of a possible and indefinite causality. 

 This internal and psychical process of the animal 

 corresponds with the actual condition of things, as 

 they appear and really are ; a correspondence which 

 is in itself a powerful confirmation of the truth. 



Since an animal is devoid of the explicit and reflex 

 process of the intellect, it has not and cannot have 

 any conception of the thing in itself, the intrinsic 

 essence of the phenomenon, nor yet of the objective 

 and cosmic cause; because it animates the pheno- 

 menon with its own personality, which has assumed 

 the external form of this phenomenon, it is conscious 

 of a cause, like itself, transfused into the object in 

 question. We have shown that phenomena affect 

 animals in this way, and that they are conscious of 

 being in a world of living subjects, constantly actuated 

 by the deliberate purpose of influencing them. 



