AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 95 



subject being cut off horizontally, the grafts are put into it in as many 

 places as you please, between the bark and sap wood, and all are then cov- 

 ered by the same material, now called Onguent de Saiyit Fiacre, or Hack- 

 7iey coach grease— \\v,\.i is cow dung, fresh, mixed well with some of the soil, 

 (not clay, for that cracks in drying) and over that, ligatixres to keep all steady. 



The Tschudy graft recently successfully employed by Barou Tschudy, 

 with herbaceous plants, such as melon or pumpkin, tomato or potato, con- 

 sists in uniting quickly the two surfaces of stalks of like size, cut with a 

 knife as keen as the sharpest razor, and then very careful ligatures and 

 nursing. Good crops of tomatoes and potatoes have been raised this way. 

 (The tomato and potato are both Solanums, and the seed hall of potato is 

 the tomato of it ! Meigs.) 



The Magon graft, by the Phenicians, of the earliest age, was by ap- 

 proach. They had noticed branches of trees rubbing off their barks in 

 hard gales, and then when quiet growing together at the bruised spot! 

 and they applied it to their fruit trees successfully. 



Terence describes a graft done by boring a hole in the subject with a 

 sort of augur or gimlet, and inserting the graft in that. 



The Crown graft of Pliny, is mentioned by Theophrastus, nearly 400 

 years before Pliny. 



The Graft of At ticiis.— The subject is cut off horizontally and split in 

 the middle, and the graft shaped wedge form to fit the split, each graft to 

 have three eyes at least — the subject may be larger than the graft, and in 

 that case, it is fitted with one edge next the bark of the subject — all closed 

 up tvith dung. 



Atticus recommended grafting good grape vines on the stalks of icild 

 grape vines ! 



Trees (pear,) which have become exhausted of their strength by old age, 

 are (in Western France,) cut off and crown grafted with young and fruit- 

 ful pear grafts. 



Apples and pears hate one another, and grafting does not answer between 

 them. 



TOMATO. 



Is hard to ripen in open air, in France, being originally from Mexico. 

 (I always thought it an indigenous plant here in latitude 40'^ and upwards, 

 under its old name of Love-apple — considered dangerous to eat when I was 

 young — some 70 years ago. H. Meigs.) 



EGG PLANT. 



Melongena or Aubergine, came originally from Africa. It is rather in- 

 digestible, and few stomachs can manage it well. The white one, which 

 grows about as large as a large hen's egg, is a little poisonous, and is rather 

 cultivated for ornament than for use. (I used to grow them as large as 

 turkey eggs, and eat them when sliced and fried like apples. H. Meigs.'' 



[Journal De La Sooiete Imperiale Et Ccntrale D "Horticulture — Napoleon 3ilj Protecteur, Paris, 



April, 1858.] 



STRAWBEKRIES. 



In the middle of last century, the celebrated English gardener and bota- 



