AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 



243 



thus entailing upon our soils loss of fertility by the exportation of our 

 products. 



In 1840 the hay crop of the United States was ten millions, two hundred 

 and forty-eight thousand, one hundred and eight tons. In 1850, thirteen 

 millions, eight hundred and thirty-eight thousand, five hundred and sev- 

 enty-nine tons. Showing an increase of three millions, five hundred and 

 ninety tons. 



We raise in the United States, besides the productions named, the fol- 

 lowing, nearly all of which are exported from the land, to the cost of its 

 fertility : 2,468,624 lbs. of cotton ; 52,788,174 lbs. of wool ; 9,219,975 

 bushels of peas and beans ; 65,796,793 bushels of Irish potatoes ; 38,259,- 

 196 bushels of sweet potatoes ; 7,723,326 bushels of orchard products ; 

 221,240 gallons of wine ; 5,269,930 bushels garden productions ; 313,266,- 

 962 lbs. of butter ; 105,535,219 lbs. of cheese ; 468,977 bushels of clover 

 seed ; 416,811 bushels of timothy and other seed ; 3,496,029 lbs. of hops ; 

 7,715,961 lbs. of flax ; 462,312 bush, of flax seed ; 10,843 lbs. of cocoons ; 

 34,249,886 lbs. of maple sugar ; 247,581 hhds. of cane sugar ; 12,700,606 

 gallons of molasses ; 14,853,857 lbs. of beeswax and honey. $27,481,399 

 is the value of home manufactures ; $109,485,757 is the value of slaugh- 

 tered animals. 



The loss of fertility by the exportation of crops, will be shown by the 

 following table of the average produce of nutritive substances of different 

 kinds from an acre of the ordinary cultivated crops, in the order that I have 

 mentioned them : 



The following table will show the quantities of the elements of food re- 

 moved from one hundred acres of land by the usual system of farming ; and 

 the quantities which would be returned by one hundred adult persons : 



