AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 325 



which gutta percha hose is attached in lengths of twenty yards, at the end of 

 which is a sharp nozzle, with an orifice ranging from one to one and a half 

 inches, according to the pressure laid on, from which the liquid makes its 

 exit with a jet of from twelve to fifteen yards. All the labor required is 

 that of a man and a boy to adjust the hose and direct the disposition ef 

 the liquid, and eight or ten acres may thus be fertilized in a day; the total 

 extent of delivery is about 1,900,000 yards. On this farm, one hundred 

 and thirty acres of root crops, dressed with liquid manure, was ready for 

 the hoe twelve days earlier than another lot dressed with double the 

 amount of solid manure. The yield from the former was twenty tons to 

 the o,cre, and of the latter fifty tons, and the limit of fertility was not 

 reached, as was plainly shown in one part of the field, which had, 

 accidentally, received more than its allowance of liquid, and which showed 

 a marked increase of luxuriance over that around it. The cost of purchas- 

 ing and laying down the pipes on this farm was at the rate of $12 per 

 acrel 



Mr. Telfer has a small farm in the town of Ayer, containing fifty acres, 

 which was formerly a sandy waste, but by the application of liquid manure, 

 with a three horse power engine, diluted with sea water, he has raised the 

 fertility of the soil to the extent of supporting forty-eight cows, where pre- 

 viously eight only were kept ; the produce from three and a half acres 

 yielded keep for thirty-six cows for four months. Besides the enormous 

 increase in the quantity of produce of this farm, its quality was so much 

 improved by the liquid, that four cents per pound above the current price 

 in the district was paid for the butter ; this diiFerenee amounting to a sum 

 more than equal to the whole previous rent of the farm. 



There are irrigated meadows along the river Weley, twenty-two miles in 

 extent, containing three thousand acres, belonging to several owners ; it is 

 all grass land, and yields four heavy crops a year. They are watered with 

 pure water from the river, several times each year, at an expense of fifty 

 cents per acre for each watering, and one dollar and twenty-five cents is 

 expended annually for cleaning out the water courses, carriers, and level- 

 ing the soil. 



The Buke of Bedford owns nineteeu-twentieths of the land upon which 

 the town of Tavistock stands, containing a population of eight thousand 

 persons. The Buke, at his own cost, in 1846, sewered the whole town, 

 and conveyed the liquid on to his contiguous land, a portion of which he 

 had previously drained to the depth of six feet. An account of the annual 

 money value derived from twenty-five acres of this land, that under the 

 old process of solid manures was considered of little value, is as follows : 



Grass sold, ; $350 00 



Hay, 225 0» 



Fourteen cows pastured for seventeen weeks, 235 00 



Fourteen young cattle for thirty-five weeks, 185 00 



One hundred ewes for four weeks, 80 00 



Horse keeping, 50 00 



