1 66 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



June, igi 



SPRAYING ECONOMY 



BY using- a spray material that has 

 all the requisite poisoningf qualities, 

 such as Arsenate of Lead, for the 

 destruction of leaf-eating pests, you may 

 think that you have done all possible to 

 derive the g^reatest profits from your 

 spraying-. 



THE EXPERIENCE OF OTHERS 



Some larg« users of Areenate of Lead 

 have tested out many of the better leads 

 on the market with the end in view of 

 finding- which lead is the beet investment. 

 B'or instance, the Oka Institute at La 

 Trappe, Quebec, found that the New Pro- 

 cess Arsenate of Lead made by The 

 Sherwin-Williams Oo. was a more floury 

 and lighter Arsenate and so mixed and 

 covered better than other leads, also that 

 it remained on the foliage even after 

 several heavy rains; this adhesive quality 

 saved them many dollars worth of mate- 

 rial and a number of daya' -work doing 

 the spraying over. 



Write to us for further information 

 regarding S-W Process Arsenate of Lead' 

 (paste) and New I>ry Arsenate of Liead 

 (powdered). We will be glad to tell you 

 where you can buy it and the price. 



The Sherwin-Williams Co. 



of Canada, Limited 



MANUFACTURERS OF INSECTICIDES 



Offices and Warehouses : 



Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg, Caioary, Vancouver, 



Halifax, N. S., London, Eng. 



Heaviest, Strongest 

 and Best 



In the market. Especially 

 suitable for long distance 

 shipping. Last year the 

 demand exceeded the 

 supply 



Therefore Order Early 



Canada Wood Products 

 Co. 



ST. THOMAS, ONT. 



Unlike most insects, the aphis is peculiar 

 in fifivins: birth to living- younR ; it is not 

 unusual to see a biff aphis on an apple leaf 

 surrounded by a brood of little ones, very 

 much like an old hen. The number of 

 younj? produced in a day varies, but it is 

 said to be from ei^ht to twenty-five ; thesr 

 in a fe-w days go on producing: other younjf, 

 so that a chain letter wh<^n compared with 

 the multiplication of aphides is insignifi- 

 cant. 



Not only do the aphides reproduce vivi- 

 parously.but also parthenog-enetically, until 

 the fall when the males appear as well as 

 females ; finally eggs are laid and the in- 

 sects (in our cold climate) winter in this 

 stage. The eggs are laid, as a rule, at the 

 tips of twigs, so that when they hatch there 

 will he a supply of food near to the youn'< 

 .iphides where they may suck the juice in 

 the buds and thus continue the cycle. After 

 the first generation some of the creatures 

 develop wings and fly to other orchards; 

 in this way the pest quickly spreads. The 

 eggs are very hard, and it is difficult to 

 kill them with insecticides, but the adult 

 insect is easily killed if its body can be 

 covered sufficiently to stop its breathing 

 pores (having a long beak of mosquito 

 style, it cannot chew poisoned leaves) — now 

 comes the big "if" again. If we can suffo- 

 cate it, the increase is arrested, but this 

 must be done before the leaves curl, other- 

 wise it is almost impossible for the spray 

 to find its way to them ; so if we can kill 

 the "stem-mother," as the first of the sea- 

 son is called — and persuade neighbors to 

 do the same — the source of the trouble has 

 gone. . 



Apart from sucking the juices of the 

 plant, the aphis damages the foliage by 

 covering it (thus closing pores) with honey- 

 dew, which they seem to produce for the 

 benefit of ants. So if ants are noticed 

 crawling up the trunk of an apple tree, 

 look for aphis. Sometimes bees are tempted 

 to collect this honey-dew, which spoils the 

 sample of honey. There are many families 

 of aphides, but .Aphis mali is the one which 

 concerns us at present. 



On May 12th we had a severe white frost, 

 with ice on the water, amd next day a few- 

 flakes of snow fell ; on the morning of May 

 2nd the ground was white with snow, which 

 was followed by rain. A few people spray 

 in the first week of May, but generally far- 

 mers began about May 11th, using lime- 

 sulphur and Black Leaf 40. The Govern- 

 ment sprayer began work in experimental 

 orchards in Berwick on May 1.3th. 



Planting and seeding are late, and vege- 

 tation backward, but there is promise of 

 a big blossom show in the orchards. 



The islands of Bermuda have removed 

 the embargfo on Nova Scotian potatoes. 

 While this only effects a few Nova Sco- 

 tians, it makes a considerable difference 

 to many Bermudians, as they supply par- 

 ticular varieties of tubers to the Maritime 

 Provinces to be grown and returned to 

 them for seeding. Ordinary potatoes are 

 not sent to Bermuda. 



Germany's Apple Imports 



Reporting to the Department of Trade 

 and Commerce. Ottawa, Canadian Trade 

 Commissioner, C. F. Just, writes froni 

 Hamburg as follows, regarding imports of 

 apples into Germany : 



"The apple imports from Canada fell off 

 fifty per cent, owing to the short crop in 

 eastern Canada. The British Columbia fruit 

 has not yet entered this market, although 

 apples from the northwestern United States 



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PETEHBOHO, ONT. 



