"4 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



September, 1914. 



The Canadian Horticulturist 



(;OMBINED WITH 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 

 AND BEEKEEPER 



with which ha» been incorporated 



The Canadian Bee Journal. 

 Published by The Horticultural 

 PuMlth:nf[ Company, Limited 



PKXKRBORO, ONTARIO 



H. Bronson Cowan Managing Director 



The Only Magazine* in Their Field in the 

 Dominion 



Official Organs ok the Oktario and Qcebko 



Fru:t Gbowkrs' Associationb 



AND OK The Ontario and New Brunswick 



Bekkeehkrs' Associations. 



REPRESENTATIVES 



UNITED STATES 

 STOCKWErj/R SPECIAL AGENCY 

 ChW-aeo «imce— Peonle's Gas Building 

 New Vork OIHce -Trib>ine Buililiog 



GREAT BRITAIN 

 W. A. Mountntephen, 3 Regent St., London, S.W. 



1 The Canadian Horticulturist is published in 

 two editions on the ZSth day of the month pre- 

 ceding date of issue. The first edition is known 

 ae The Canadian Horticulturist. It is devoted 

 exclusively to the horticultural intereets of 

 Canada. The second edition is known as The 

 Canadian Horticulturist and Beekeeper. In this 

 edition several pages of matter appearing in the 

 first issue are replaced hy an equal number of 

 pages of matter relating to the bee-keeping in- 

 terests of Canada. „ .■ 



2. Subscription price of The Canadian Horti 

 culturist in Canada and Great Britain, 60 cents 

 a year: two years. $1.00, and of The Canadian 

 Horticulturist and Beekeeper, $1.00 a year. For 

 United States and local subsoriptiona in Peter- 

 boro (not called for at the Post Office), 25 cents 

 eitra year, including postage. 



3. Remittances should be made by Post OfHce 

 or Erpress Money Order, or Registered Letter. 



4. The Law is that subscribers to newspapers 

 are held responsible until all arrearages are 

 paid and their paper ordered to be discontinued. 



5. Change of Address— When a change of ad- 

 drees ia ordered, both the old and the new ad^ 

 dresses must be given. 



6. Advertising rates. $1.40 an Inch. Copy 

 received up to the 20th. Address all advertising 

 oorreepondenoe and copy to our Advertising 

 Manager, Peterboro, Ont. 



CIRCULATION STATEMENT 



The following is a sworn statement of the net 

 paid circulation of The Canadian Horticulturist 

 for the year ending with December, 1911. The 

 figures given are exclusive of samples and spoiled 

 copies. Most months, including the sample cop- 

 ies, from 13,000 to 15,000 copies of The Canadian 

 Horticulturist are mailed to people known to 

 be interested in the growing of fruits, flowers 

 or vegetables^ 



January, 1913 ....11.570 August. 1913 12,675 



February. 1913 ...11.55D September. 1913 ...13,729 



March, 1913 11209 October, 1913 ....13,778 



April, 1913 ..11,970 November. 1913 ..12,%7 



May. 1913 12.368 December, 1913 ..13,233 



June, 1913 12,618 



July:, 1913 12.626 Total ....150,293 



Average each issue in 1907, 6,627 

 " I9I.1, 12,524 



Sworn detailed statitments will be mailed 

 upon application. 



OUR GUARANTEE 



We guarantee that every advertiser in this 

 issue is reliable. We are able to do this because 

 the advertising columns '>f The Canadian Hoi^ 

 ticulturlst are as carefully edited as the read- 

 ing columns, and because to protect our read- 

 ers we turn away all unscrupulous advertisers. 

 Should any advertiser herein deal dishonestly 

 with any subscriber, we will make good the 

 amount of his loss, provided such transaction 

 occurs vrithin one month from date of this issue, 

 that it is reported to us within a week of its 

 ooourrence, and that we find the facte to be a« 

 stated. It is a condition of this contract that in 

 writing to advertisers you state: "I saw your 

 advertisement in The Canadian Horticulturist." 



Rogues shall not ply their trade at the expense 

 of our subscribers, who are our friends, througih 

 the medium of these columns; but we shall not 

 attempt to adjust trifling disputes between sub- 

 scribers and honourable business men who ad- 

 vertise, nor pay the debts of honest bankrupt*. 



Communications should be addressed 

 THE CANADIAN HORTIOUI/TURIST. 



PETERBORO. ONT. 



S EDITORIAL 1 



THE EUROPEAN WAR 



The human mind is incapable of grasping- 

 the horrors of the Europeam War. All 

 wars of ancient and modern times pale into 

 insignificance when compared with the car- 

 nage that is taking place in Europe. Never 

 before have the armies engaged been so 

 enormous, the instruments of warfare used 

 so destructive, or the world at large so 

 affected. No wonder that Christian people 

 everywhere are appalled at the thought that 

 these things are possible nineteen cen- 

 turies after the birth of Christ, whose com- 

 mand was that thev should love one ano- 

 ther. 



Vet who can doubt but that this war will 

 lift the world '.o higher and better levels of 

 thinking and of living? So it has ever 

 been. Over one hundred years ago the 

 streiets of Paris and towns and villages of 

 France ran with blood as the people arose 

 in their fury and with unspeakable ferocity 

 slaughtered the ruling classes who had 

 been oppressing them for centuries. But 

 out of these troublous times arose the 

 French Republic which ever since has beicn 

 .1 leaven which has been spreading demo- 

 cratic principles of government among the 

 peoples of Europe. The freedom of man- 

 agement of their own affairs enjoyed by 

 the people of the British Empire was ob- 

 tained only as the result of bitter civil wars 

 which in one case cost a king his head. 

 The Civil War in the United States lasted 

 for four years and cost scores of thooisands 

 of lives, but it put an end for ever to legal- 

 ized slavery. Even the Boer War in fifteem 

 short years has resulted in the Union of 

 South Africa and the establishment in that 

 now thoroughly loyal colony of conditions 

 that apparently could not have been effected 

 in any other way. 



For years the peace of the world has 

 been threatened by the existemce among 

 the nations of Europe of militaristic parties 

 whose favorite motto has been "In times 

 of peace prepare for war," and whose creed 

 has been "God fights on the side of the 

 biggest armies." The activities of these 

 groups of reactionaries sowed the seeds of 

 mistrust and national animosities until 

 Europe became an armed camp and the 

 people groaned under a burdein of taxation 

 that was rapidly becoming unbearable. The 

 militaristic class of Germany has been the 

 domina'ing factor in this movement. It 

 has vaingloriously set the pace that the 

 other nations of Europe have been forced 

 to follow. It has arrogantlyi refused to 

 listen to proposals looking for a reduction 

 of national armaments. 



Now! what was feared has taken place. 

 This sentiment has had its way. Almost 

 universal war has been declared. The 

 blame, as the published correspondence 

 clearly proves, rests squarely at the doors, 

 first of Austria-Hungary and secondly of 

 her ally, Germany. Both nations, under the 

 flimsiest excuses, persistently brushed asile 

 .' nd ignored the almost frantic efforts of th" 

 other nations, which were persisted in to 

 the last DOssible moment, to preserve the 

 peace of Europe. 



The outcome is plain. Events to date 

 seem clearly to nrove that God is fighting 

 on the side of the .Mlies. This being the 

 case, the complete overthrow of Germany 

 and Austria-Hungary is assured. With 



their defeat will come the downfall of the 



militaristic party in Germany. It is not too 

 much to expect even that Germany will 

 become a republic. Thus from the ground 

 that is now runniaig red blood promises to 

 arise new conditions that will release the 

 people of Europe from fetters that have 

 bound them for years. Long needed re- 

 forms will thus ' become possible. Ulti- 

 mately the peace of the world will be pro- 

 moted. The price being paid is a fearful 

 one. Let us believe that in time it will be 

 justified. 



THE EFFECT OF THE WAR 



Year by year, as though by a divinely 

 ordered plan, the nations of the earth have 

 been becoming more and more interdepend- 

 ent. In spite of protective tariffs, which 

 aim to make the nations which rely om them 

 self-sustaining in matters of production, 

 the countries of the world have been spe- 

 cializing more and more in the production 

 of those commodities which their natural 

 advantages have made it the most easy for 

 them to produce. 



This condi'ion has been brought home to 

 us by the European War. Suddenly we 

 have beem led to realize, as never before, 

 that the rest of the world is largely depend- 

 ent on Germany and others of the warring 

 nations of Europe for its supply of certain 

 standard fertilizers, seeds of many kinds, 

 and other necessities, to say nothing of 

 their being imporiant markets for the pro- 

 ducts which other natioais produce. 



Fortunately we are not likely to suffer as 

 much in Canada from a shortage in seeds 

 and bulbs for next year's grain and gar- 

 den crops as at first seemed probable. 

 Many consignments from Europe had been 

 made before war was declared. Holland, 

 Denmark, Sweden, and portions of France, 

 as well as Britain, seem likely to be able 

 to fill most if not all the orders for seeds 

 of all kinds and bulbs that had be«n sent 

 forward from this side. 



Canadian seedsmen, it is estimated, have 

 in stock from 1913 about thirty per cent, 

 of the requirements for the 1915 crop. In 

 addition. North .\merica produces an 

 abundance of seed of cereal grains, clover 

 and the leading grasses, as well as of many 

 common vegetables. There may be a short- 

 age in supplies of certain flower seeds, but 

 the losses, if any, from this will be light. 

 Should the war be continued for a couple 

 of years, the effect will become more ap- 

 parent ; but this is an eventuality that 

 hardly seems possible. 



SHIP ONLY GOOD FRUIT WEST 



Mr. F. C. Hart, Director of the Markets 

 Branch of the Ontario Department of .Agri- 

 culture, points out to Ontario fruit ship- 

 pers that owing to the war situation, in 

 catering to the western market this year 

 they will be well advised to send only the 

 best varieties, and the No. 1 grade. In 

 anticipation of the market being a difficult 

 one, the fruit sent should be only such as 

 should be able to compete successfully with 

 the fruit from other sections. Ontario 

 apples find favor in the west. This in part 

 is because a large part of the population of 

 the west formerly lived in Ontario. The 

 "fruit from home" and "Ontario flavor'" 

 has found, therefore, a ready sale in the 

 past when it has been put up in an attrac- 

 tive manner. 



The knowin varieties of Ontario fruit are 

 familiar names to consumers in the west. 

 Spys. Baldwins, and similar varieties are 

 apples of which they have only heard, 

 but of which they have had their share be- 

 fore going west, and they want more of 



