VI. 



The CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



November, 1914. 



FOR SALE AND WANTED 



IdTsrtliements In this department In- 

 serted at rate of 8 cents a word for each 

 Insertion, each fl^ure, slyn or single letter 

 to eount as one word, minimum eost, 30 

 eents. strlctlj cash In advance. 



ALT. KINDS OF FARMS— Fruit larms a specialty. 

 — W. B. Calder. Grimsby. 



NIAGARA DISTRICT FRUIT FARMS. — Before 



buyiiisr it will pay you to consult me. I make 

 a specialty of fruit and irrain farms.— Molvin 

 Oayman A Co., St. Catharines. 



ASK DAWSON. He knows. 



IF YOU WANT to sell a farm consult me. 



IF YOU WANT to buy a farm consult me. 



I HAVE some of the best Fruit. Stock. Grain 



and Dairy Farms on my list at riKht prices. 



H. W. Dawson. Ninety Colborne St.. Toronto. 



WANTED— Cleaa, bripht beeewax and fancy 

 comb honey.— B. N. Smeall. 95 4tb Ave.. Viau- 

 ville, Montreal, Que. 



WANTED — One ton or more of yellow onions 

 from inch to inch and half. No smaller. 

 Pleafie send sample and price for immediate 

 delivery to The Bosery Flower Co., Medicine 

 Hat. Alberta. .^ 



delivery of cars is also regulated by stat- 

 ute, but a more sane penalty in most cases 

 is one dollar a car a day. Free time for 

 unloading: runs from twenty-four hours in 

 Minnesota to ninety-six hours in Connec- 

 ticut, and one dollar a day demtirrage for 

 each day exceeding such free time. 



The same penalty is fixed upon the rail- 

 roads for delays in placing cars for un- 

 loading, when they exceed from twenty-four 

 hours in Virginia to seventy-two hours in 

 Florida. Records supplied me the past 

 season from thirty-six cooperative associ- 

 ations in the province of Ontario show a 

 total of oine thousand two hundred and 

 sixty refrigerator cars used. Twenty-two 

 of the thirty-six associations experienced 

 delays in the supplying of cars of from 

 two to thirty-six days. Eleven associations 

 had satisfactory service, and three did not 

 ship in carloads. Seven days was the aver- 

 age time required in supplying refrigerator 

 cars to the one hundred and thirty-one in- 

 dividual shippers of the apple growers' as- 

 sociation. This grievance exists in all the 

 fruit shipping centres of the Dominion. A 

 bill should be introduced into Parliament 

 requiring railroad companies to promptly 

 supply proper cars and other transporta- 

 tion facilities, and to extend the jurisdic- 

 tion of the Railway Commission in mak- 

 ing rules and regulations with respect 

 thereto, because service is as important 

 as the rate. 



New South Wales Fruit Case 

 Act, Operative July 1, 1914 



The regulations, in respect to the New 

 South Wales Fruit Cases Act, that took 

 effect on July 1, 1914, are outlined as 

 follow : 



"Where any apples, apricots, bananas, 

 cherries, currants, figs, gooseberries, 

 grapes, loquats, lemons, nectarines, 

 oranges, passion fruit, peaches, pears, per- 

 simmons, pineapples, plums, quinces, toma- 

 toes, and any fruit now or hereafter declar- 

 ed by the Governor by notice in the New 

 South Wales Government Gazette to be fruit 

 within the meaning of the 'Fruit Cases Act, 

 1912,' are sold in a case in New South 

 Wales, or exported from New South Wales 

 to any! other place within the Common- 

 wealth, such fruit shall be contained in a 



case of any of the measurements set out 

 herefander, and a case of any special mea- 



surement shall have the capacity hereunder 

 set out opposite to such measurement: 



CASE 



One bushel case . 



One bushel case . 



One bushel case . , 



One - half bushel 

 case. 



One - half bushel 

 case. 



One - half bushel 

 case. 



One-quarter bushel 

 case. 



INSmE 

 HBABUREHENT8 



18x14^x8% ins. . 

 26x6xl4K ins. ... 

 20x10x11^6 ins. .. 

 18x8%x7'4 ins. ... 



26x6x7% ins 



Clear of all or any div. 



bAPAOITT 



18x11 %x5Ji ins. .. 

 Clear of all or any div. 



13^x10^x4 ins. .. 



Not less than one Imperial bushel or cubical con- 

 tent of two thousand two hundred and twenty- 

 three cubic inches (2,223). 



Not less than one Imperial bushel or cubical con- 

 tent of two thousand two hundred and twenty- 

 three cubic inches (2,223). 



Not less than one Imperial bushel or cubical con- 

 tent of two thousand two hundred and twenty- 

 five cubic inches (2,226). 



Not less than one-half Imperial bushel or cubical 

 content of one thousand one hundred and eleven 

 and one-half cubic inches (1,111J4). 



Not less than one-half Imperial bushel or cubical 

 content of one thousand one hundred and eleven 

 and one-half cubic inches (1,1I1H). 



Not less than one-half Imperial bushel or cubical 

 content of one thousand one hundred and ten 

 cubic inches (1,110). 



Not less than one-quarter Imperial bushel or 

 cubical content of five hundred and fifty-six 

 and seven-eighth cubic inches (655?^). 



Central Cooperative Association 



M. B. Davis, B.S.A., Central 



WHERE local cooperative associations 

 have been formed it should always 

 be held in mind that the establish- 

 ment of a central buying and sell- 

 ing agency should be carried into prac- 

 tice as soon as possible. The relations of 

 each subsidiary company to the central need 

 the most careful consideration. A central 

 management cannot succeed unless it has 

 absolute control over the produce of the 

 local organizations, neither can it suc- 

 ceed unless the relations of one company 

 to the other are on such a cooperative and 

 business basis that there will be no oppor- 

 tunity for dissatifaction and backbiting to 

 creep in. 



In the sale of produce the prices should 

 all be pooled. By this I mean to say, that 

 in the case of apples for instance, John 

 Jones of the North will receive exactly the 

 same price for his No. 1 Mclmtosh as John 

 Smith of the South, each receiving the av- 

 erage sales price of the central organiza- 

 tion. This eliminates all opportunity for 

 any one company getting on the right side 

 of the management and obtaining all the 

 "plums." For instance, an order comes in 

 from South Africa for 1,000 barrels of ap- 

 ples at $9.50 per bbl. As there are many 

 companies all anxious to dispose of their 

 fruit at a high price the question arises who 

 is to get this fat order. The result would 

 be that jealousy and dissatisfaction would 

 creep in, but with a pool of prices it does 

 not matter who gets the order, for alJ, in 

 the end, will receive the same price for 

 their fruit. 



There must be some way of penalizing 

 the poor grower, but this is done in pack- 

 ing. By selecting a standard which is up 

 to that of the best growers and by keeping 

 up a standard pack in all the companies, 

 the man who grows poor fruit will lose in 

 the pack out. With a certain high stan- 

 dard properly put into practice, the No. I's 

 of one company should be just as good 

 as the No. I's of another companv, and 

 hence worth the same price. 



In the handling of the total production 

 of many companies, the Central can, if it 

 is able to tell just how much produce it 

 has to dispose o f . make the arran gements 



•Extract from a paper read before the Quebec 

 Pomological and Fruit Growers' Association. 



Experimental Farn\, Ottawa 



for its transportation in proper time. This 

 avoids congestion. It can watch the mar- 

 kets and handle them in such a manner 

 that no market will be left empty while oth- 

 ers are filled to overflowing. We hear 

 much about over-production, but I think 

 there is little in it, for even here in this 

 country we often see apples at a high price 

 in one market while in others they are 

 selling at less than cost. It is largely a 

 matter of proper distribution and the pro- 

 per handling of the markets and this can 

 be done only by a cooperative movement. 

 It is this handling of the markets and the 

 elimination of the unnecessary distribution 

 charges that makes cooperation a thing to 

 be desired. 



Probable Price o5 Apples 



Writing some time ago to The Canadian 

 Horticulturist in reply to a letter that had 

 been sent him, A. E. Adams, Secretary of 

 the United Fruit Companies of Nova Scotia, 

 Limited, had the following to say in regard 

 to the market outlook for apples : 



"Presuming that the British navy is able 

 to keep open the trade routes of the At- 

 lantic, Nova Scotia may look for a fair re- 

 turn for her apple crop, although prices 

 are not likely to be large. Staple articles 

 of food such as flour, meat, etc., will possi- 

 bly be high in England and, provided that 

 the price of fruit is reasonable the people 

 will probably use more of tr.at beneficial 

 diet. Under these circumstances a paying 

 price may be obtained for apples, and in 

 that respect the Annapolis Valley will 

 benefit by her proximity to the English 

 market. Nova Scotian apples can be placed 

 on the English market at a lower cost than 

 the fruit of any other Nortn American dis- 

 trict so that even a low price may be pro- 

 fitable, and bearing in mind that the crop 

 this year is of such quality tnat there will 

 be very little waste in packing I think the 

 grower will net a very fair return tree run. 



The home boiled lime-sulphur wash, the 

 commercial solution or the vitriol solu- 

 tion, will entirely control the curl leaf, if 

 it is thoroughly applied and done in time, 

 say before April tenth in ordinary sea- 

 sons.— J. L. Hilborn, Leamington, Ont. 



