292 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



December, 1914. 



The Canadian Horticulturist §mmm^mmmmmmmmm^ 



COMBINKD WITH 



THE CANADIAN HOfiTICULTURIST 

 AND BEEKEEPER 



With which has been iiicorponited 



The Canadian Bee Journal. 



Published by The Horticultural 



Publishing Company, Limited, 



PKTKRBORO, ONTARIO 



H. Bronson Cowan Managing Director 



The Only Magazine* in Their Field in the 



Dominion 



Official Organs of the Ontario and Quebec 



Krdit Growers' Associations 



AND OF The Ontario and New Brunswick 



Beekeepers' Associations. 



REPRESENTATIVES 



UNITED STATES 

 SrOCKWELL 8 SPECIAL AGENCY. 

 Chicago Ofliee — People's Gas Buildiner. 

 New York Office— Tribune Buildine 



GREAT BRITAIN 

 W. A. Mountstephen, 3 Regent St., London, S.W. 



1. The Canadian Horticulturist is published in 

 two editions on the 25th day of the month pre- 

 ceding date of issue. The first edition is 

 known ae The Canadian Horticulturist. It is de- 

 voted exclusively to the horticultural interests 

 of Canada. The second edition is known as The 

 Canadian Horticulturist and Beekeeper. In this 

 edition several pages of matter appearinff in the 

 first issue are replaced by an equal number of 

 pages of matter relating to the beekeepiner in- 

 terests of Canada. 



2. Subscription price of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist in Canada and Great Britain. 60 cents 

 a year; two years, $1.00, and of The Caneidian 

 Horticulturist and Beekeeper, $1.00 a year. For 

 United States and local subscriptions in Peter- 

 boro (not called for at the Post Office), 25 cents 

 extra a year. Including postage. 



i. Remittances should be made by Post Ofliee 

 or Exprtss Money Order, or Registered Letter. 



4. The Law is that subscribers to newspapers 

 are held responsib.e until all arrearages are 

 paid and their paper ordered to be discontinued. 



5. Change of Address— When a change of ad- 

 dress is ordered, both the old ajid the new ad- 

 dressee must be given. 



6. Advertising rates, $1.40 an inch. Copy re- 

 ceived up to the 20th. Address all advertising 

 correspondence and copy to our Advertising 

 Manager, Peterboro. Ont. 



CIRCULATION STATEMENT 



The following is a sworn statement of the net 

 paid circulation of The Canadian Horticulturist 

 for the year ending with December 1913. The 

 figures given are exclusive of samples and spoiled 

 copies. Most months, including the sample cop- 

 ies, from 13,000 to 15.000 copies of The Canadian 

 Hortieulturibt are mailed to people known to be 

 interested in the growing of fruits, flowers or 

 vegetables. 



January. 1913 ....11.570 August. 1913 12,675 



February. 1913 ...11,550 September. 1913 ..13,729 



March, 1913 11,209 October, 191J 13.778 



April, 1913 11.970 November 1913 ...12,967 



May. 1913 12.368 December. 1913 ...13.233 



June. 1913 12.618 



July. 1913 12.626 Total 150.293 



Average each issue In 1907, 6.627 

 " " " " 1913, 12,524 



Sworn detailed statements will be mailed 

 upon app'.ication. 



OUR GUARANTEE 



We guarantee that every advertiser in this issue 

 ie reliable. We aje able to do this because the 

 advertising columns of The Canadian Horticul- 

 turist are as carefully edited as the reading 

 columns, and because to protect our readers we 

 turn away all unscrupulous advertisers. Should 

 any advertiser herein deal dishonestly with any 

 subscriber, we will make good the amount of 

 his lose, provided such transaction occurs within 

 one month from date of this issue, that it is 

 reported to us within a week of its occurrence, 

 and that we find the facts to be as stated. It 

 is a condition of this contract that in writing to 

 advertisers you state: "I saw your advertisement 

 in The Canadian Horticulturist." ' 



Rogues shall not ply their trade at the expense 

 of our subscribers, who are our friends, through 

 the medium of these columns: but we shall not 

 attempt to adjust trifling disputes between sub- 

 scribers and honourable business men who ad- 

 vertise, nor pay the debts of honest bankrupts. 



Oommtmlcations should be addressed 



THE CANADIAN HOBTTCTTLTUKTST. 



PETERBORO, ONT. 



EDITORIAL 



A NEW YEAR'S WISH 



The development of character on the 

 highest lines should be the chief aim of 

 our lives. That we may all make worth- 

 while progress in this direction is the sin- 

 cere wish of The Canadian Horticulturist 

 for all our readers for 1915. 



SIGNS OF PROGRESS 



THE announcement on the index page 

 of this issue of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist that on and after the first 

 of mext year, the regular edition 

 of The Canadian Horticulturist will 

 be divided into two sections and published 

 in the form of a fruit edition and of a floral 

 edition, is of more importance than might 

 at first appear. It marks an advance in the 

 horticultural interests of Canada. 



Thirty-seven years ago the members of 

 The Ontario Fruit Growers' Associa,tion 

 felt the need for a publication devoted to 

 the interests of horticulture. In the face of 

 great difficulties they launched The Cana- 

 dian Horticulturist. From that day to this 

 The Canadian Horticulturist has been the 

 recognized medium in Canada of the great 

 horticultural interests. 



At first it had many difficulties with which 

 to contend. It was small in size, the sub- 

 scription price was high, and comparative- 

 ly few people were interested in advanced 

 horticultural efforts. At that time there 

 were no horticultural societies in Ontario. 

 In time, mainly through the efforts of the 

 then editor of The Canadian Horticulturist, 

 many horticultural societies were formed. 

 These affiliated with The Ontario Fruit 

 Growers' Association, and subscribed for 

 The Canadian Horticulturist for all their 

 members, paying seventy-five cents a year 

 for it. 



Ten years ago another forward step was 

 made. The publication of The Canadian 

 Horticulturist was taken over by a com- 

 pany composed of leading fruit and flower 

 growers, and in which The Ontario Fruit 

 Growers' .'\ssociation retained a consider- 

 able interest with representation on the 

 board of directors. The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist was enlarged in size and the sub- 

 scription price was reduced. Largely 

 through the efforts of the present editor the 

 Ontario Horticultural .Association was form- 

 ed and the government was induced to pass 

 a new Act respecting Horticultural Socie- 

 tries, and increasing their government 

 grant. Since then the work of the horticul- 

 tural socieites of the province has shown a 

 vast improvement. The Canadian Horticul- 

 turist has comtinued its close identity with 

 them. 



Now the time has come for another for- 

 ward step. Hitherto it has been found ne- 

 cessary to divide the space for reading 

 matter between the professional fruit and 

 the amateur floral interests. . Under these 

 circumstances it has often been impossible 

 to devote as much space to either as has 

 been desirable. Under the new arrange- 

 ment, which will come into effect the first 

 of the new year, by publishing The Can- 

 adian Horticulturist in two editions, the 

 first devoted mainly to fruit amd the sec- 

 ond to flowers, this difficulty will be large- 

 ly overcome. In both editions space will 

 still be devoted to both subjects, but not to 

 the extent that it has been in the past. In 

 due time we expect that these two editions 

 will develop into separate and distinct pub- 



lications devoted wholly to their special 

 branch of horticulture. The advance in the 

 subscription price will be fully justified by 

 the improvement in The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist. We will appreciate it if our read- 

 ers will advise us at the earliest possible 

 date which edition they desire to have us 

 send them. We know that the readers of 

 The Canadian Horticulturist will appre- 

 ciate the improvements we intend making, 

 and we count on continuing to have their 

 loyal support in the future as in the past. 



THE MIDDLEMAN'S PROBLEMS 



Of late years there has been a grouing 

 tendency on the part of many fiuit growers, 

 including even men having considerable 

 commercial experience, to belabor the city 

 ■retailer as being one of the main factors 

 in the increased cost of marketing the fruit 

 crop. Again and again we hear fruit 

 growers describe cases where barrels of 

 apples or baskets of small fruit have been 

 sold to retailers at low prices and sold out 

 again by them at ain apparently unreason- 

 able advance. The difference Ijctween the 

 price the retailer paid for the fruit and 

 the price he sold it for to the consumer 

 is generally described as clear profit. 



If retailers made an unreasonable profit 

 on their turnover the law of supply and 

 demand would quickly lead to a sufficient 

 increase in the number of retailers to bring 

 down the price. Their bookkeepers and 

 clerks would quickly see the profit they 

 were making .ind would launch out into 

 business for themselves. The expense of 

 starting up in the retail business is suffi- 

 ciently low to make this easily possible. 



Strong evidence that the average retailer 

 is not able to become wealthy overnight 

 has been furnished by the experiences of 

 fruit growers and other producers who have 

 attempted to establish retail outlets for 

 their produce have almost invariably ended 

 disastrously for the producers and gener- 

 ally in a very short time. The cost of con- 

 ducting a business in a city has always 

 been found to be heavier than appears on 

 the surface. 



Mr. Clark, a retailer in Toronto, estab- 

 lished a strong case for the retailer in the 

 address he gave during November before 

 the members of the Ontario Fruit Growers' 

 -Association, as will be seen by the report 

 of the address published in this issue. Fruit 

 growers will do well to read this address 

 with care. It may help some growers to 

 appreciate that the retailer, instead of be- 

 ing the black sheep he has often been 

 painted, is himself the victim of forces 

 over which he has no control, among which, 

 and by no means least, are rapacious land- 

 lords who, by monopolizing the land in our 

 cities are able to levy heavy tribute on 

 producers, middlemen, and consumers alike 

 to the extent of millions of dollars a year. 



READY FOR AN ADVANCE 



The Fruit Marks .-Xct has justified itself. 

 The opposition to its enactment was bit- 

 ter. To-day fruit growers freely admit that 

 it has proved of untold benefit to the fruit 

 industry. .■Xt first it was feared that the 

 .Act might be too strictly enforced and 

 hardship result to many growers. To-day 

 it is realized that the Fruit Division at 

 Ottawa has looked after the administration 

 of the Act in an admirable manner, and 

 that the time has come when the Act should 

 be more strictly enforced than in the past. 

 At the recent Dominion Fruit Confer- 

 ence the desire of the fruit growers for an 

 even more rigid enforcement of the Act 

 was very evident. There was a demand 

 for more inspectors, for the elimination of 



