S74 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE 



And, furthermore, as a matter of exceed- 

 ing great importance, one periodical de- 

 clares it will take the place of animal food 

 such as gi'ound bone, beef scrap, etc. I am 

 going to make a test of it when I get back 

 to our Florida home. The matter was just 

 brought to niind by the following from the 

 New South Baker, sent me by our old friend 

 Henry Borchers, of Laredo, Texas. If oil 

 is a recognized and wholesome article of 

 food made from cotton-seed meal, I do not 

 know why we should not use the meal also 

 for making bread. 



COTTON-SEED MEAL IN BREAD. 



FOET Worth, Texas. — The latest claim of Kint; 

 Cotton for favor at the hands of his own subjects of 

 the South by home consumption is cotton-seed flour 

 for pastry and bread, which is more properly known 

 as " Allison flour.'' 



G. A. Baumgarten, proprietor of the Schulenburs; 

 oil-mills, manufacturer of the flour, went to Houston 

 with a supply of his product and turned it over to 

 the Stude Baking Company for manufacture into 

 bread. Forty loaves were turned out and presented 

 to friends complimentary by Mr. Baumgarten. 



The bread contained 20 per cent of Allison flour, 

 made from the choicest upland cotton seed, and 80 

 per cent wheat flour. The bread was a rich light 

 brovn, with a delicious nutty flavor, and, according 

 to Dr. G. S. Fraps, state chemist at College Station, 

 contained as much nutriment as beef or eggs, but 21 

 times cheaper than eggs, and 15 times cheaper than 

 beef. 



P. S. Tilson, of the Houston laboratories, analyzed 

 a sample of the flour and stated that it contained 

 64.53 protein and fat. Meats contain from ]5 to 

 23 per cent protein, averaging about 17. Patent 

 wheat flour has but 11.73. Cotton-seed flour has 

 been mixed as high as 30 per cent with wheat flour; 

 but 20 per cent is deemed suiYicient, and produces 

 the best results, at the same time containing all nu- 

 tritive requirements. 



CHICKENS EATING CROOKED NAILS AND BITS 

 OF WIRE. 



I am enclosing a piece of wire, as it appears to 

 be taken from the gizzard of a chicken I dressed. It 

 was sticking clear through the gizzard, and was com- 

 pletely encysted, thus protecting other organs from 

 it. I send it because some time ago A. I. Root in 

 his poultry notes questioned whether chickens would 

 j-wallow such things. I have found needles and pins 

 in chickens' gizzards, and I think they pick them up 

 and swallow them in their wild hurry to eat all they 

 can, before the others get it. 



I now have two chicks that have always been fed 

 &lone, and all they can eat ; but put them in a 

 barrel of corn chop and they will crowd each other 

 and eat just as fast as they can, as if they thought 

 there was not enough for both. 



Doniphan, Mo. Mrs. J. W. Beauchamp. 



I think, my good friend, you have given 

 us the key to tliis matter. When chickens 

 have plenty of proper food they will be 

 very unlikely to swallow things of this kind 

 that m.ay do them harm; and your letter 

 explains why our chickens down in Florida 

 pay no attention to crooked nails and rusty 

 pieces of wire, and tacks, for our chickens, 

 big and little, always have food where they 

 can get it when they want it. I have ex- 



plained before that we put all of our food 

 in galvanized tubs set up on a post where 

 the chickens all know just where to find it 

 whenever they are hungry enough to jump 

 up into the tub. When the chickens are 

 small they have smaller tubs lower down; 

 but just as quick as possible we teacli the 

 chickens to hop up high enough so that 

 Florida rats cannot follow them. When 

 they are quite small we are obliged to give 

 them what they will eat up clean, and care- 

 fully see that they never get so hungry as to 

 swallow rusty nails. Your suggestion about 

 making chickens "greedy" would be a good 

 plan to follow where you want to fatten up 

 young roosters as fast as possible. 



THE WET SEASON OP 1915. 



Today is October 6, and rain is still com- 

 ing just a little oftener than we like. We 

 have used the sprinkling system only once, 

 and even then it was a mistake. A shower 

 followed us soon after, so that the sprin- 

 kling did hann rather than good. The fol- 

 lowing clipping from the Ohio Farmer not 

 only describes the looks of our Ohio gar- 

 den, but it portrays also the situation of 

 many other gardens pretty much all over 

 the IS''orth. Read the following: 



My garden is so full of weeds I can hardly find 

 my '■ truck," and the '" truck '* is so nearly drowned 

 out that it isn't worth hunting for . My peas are 

 a big rotten mass of vines, my roots all grow to tops, 

 my tomatoes refuse to ripen, my sweet corn won't 

 ear, and my vines won't set fruit. 



Tliis fall or next spring I shall fill all vacancies 

 in my young orchard; but in the meantime I've lost 

 the original price and a year's growth on the trees. 

 I shall set another strawberry patch, of course, but 

 I've lost niy next summer's crop. I don't know 

 whether I'll raise much more "truck" or not; two 

 months of rain is slightly dampening to my enthu- 

 siani. 



r)bviously, I .should have raised diicks, water 

 cress, and pond lilios exclusively; but hens seem to 

 stand the deluge as M'ell as anything I am trying. 

 Tliey have dry quarters to stay in at their own di;; 

 cretion; and perhaps if my vegetables could go in 

 out of the rain when their feet get too wet they 

 might thrive better. The production of winter eggs 

 furnished our principal income last year, and the 

 prospect looks much better for eggs this winter so 

 I'm in hopes we won't " sink " entirely ; but this 

 is surely a season when a city man would better 

 stick to his job if he has one. He might start a 

 summer resort — lie could find a lake and run a boat 

 anywhere — but a dry season next year would be 

 as injurious to )iis industry as the present one has 

 been to ours. — E. A., Chautauqua Co., N. Y. 



THE boys' corn CLUBS. 



The average yield of corn in Ohio is 33 bushels. 

 The boys showed that 14 bushels could be grown 

 on one acre. Small youngsters demonstrated that 

 eighty and ninety bushels were easy. Ohio owes a 

 duty to the boys who are willing to make these 

 tests. — Chveland Plain Dealer. 



