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THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL. 



Feb. 5, 1903. 



tion, such as estimates of the amount of honey produced, 

 the amount that members will require to sell to consumers 

 and the retail trade on their own account, and the amount 

 likely to be placed in the Exchang-e. Also, if a shortag-e in 

 the district, the amount that could profitably be shipped in. 



Members in unorganized districts in any part of Canada 

 shall also be requested from the head office to report on the 

 honey crop, and estimates similar to local associations. In 

 case some may not wish to join either the local association 

 or Honey Exchange, the local manager, or a member, may 

 offer them within a business margin of the selling price of 

 honey, and place it in the Exchange on his own account, or 

 as his own honey. (He will have the privilege of receiving- 

 an advance in money on his producing a warehouse receipt.) 

 They will not then sell to others for a less price. 



Funds may be advanced to members by the Exchange 

 to the amount of three-fifths of the value of honey con- 

 signed, and charge the current bank interest. 



The directors of headquarters of the Exchange, on ob- 

 taining crop reports from the local associations and others, 

 shall set the prices of the different grades of honey for a 

 certain period ; at the end of such time specified they may 

 lower, raise, or maintain same prices as the market will 

 warrant. 



All honey sold by the Exchange shall be graded accord- 

 ing to rules adopted by the Ontario Bee-Keepers' Associa- 

 tion. 



Honey sold from the local managers' warerooms, and 

 also that of headquarters, must be graded by the member 

 supplying it, and re-examined and graded, if necessary, by 

 the Manager in each warehouse. 



All honey received by the Exchange for sale must be 

 branded and sealed by the stamp of the Ontario Honey 

 Exchange, and backed by a good, strong guarantee. 



The duties of the President, Vice-President, Secretary, 

 Treasurer, and Business Manager, shall be arranged by 

 the Provisional Directors, as circumstances will admit, 

 until the constitution and by-laws are thoroughly revised 

 and amended, ready for incorporation. 



The remuneration of the five (commercial) directors 

 shall be determined by the directors of the Ontario Bee- 

 Keepers' Association, and shall be taken from the dues and 

 profits of goods handled. 



It should be the object of the Exchange to place the 

 honey as near as possible to the consumer, saving extra 

 transportation and commission for its members. 



The funds for carrying on the Exchange will be ob- 

 tained by plans and in a manner advised by the directorate. 



W. A. Chrysler. 



Mr. Sibbald— This matter is most important. The 

 number of bees kept in this country is increasing rapidly. 



Mr. McEvoy — The business is going into the hands of 

 specialists. 



Mr. Sibbald — If we organized only for the sake of crop 

 reports, it would be worth while. In the case of failure in 

 one part, and over-production in another, the honey could 

 be equalized, and a uniform price and uniform consump- 

 tion could be maintained in the Province. We would also 

 prevent the over-crowding of central markets which is now 

 prevalent. We could soon learn how much honey is pro- 

 duced in the Province, how much consumed, and conse- 

 quently what would need to be exported. 



If there were a registered trade mark we could know 

 just where our honey goes, and get at the source of adul- 

 teration. Then, in the matter of advertising, individually 

 we have not sufficient capital, but by systematic advertis- 

 ing by an Exchange the consumption of honey could be 

 doubled, and more. 



An Exchange could afford to export the surplus honey 

 at a sacrifice in order to keep the home market brisk. It 

 would come alike to all. We do not wish to enhance the 

 price so as to make it prohibitive, we want only a fair and 

 uniform price. Organized reporting and systematic grading 

 would make the indifferent bee-man spruce up and produce 

 a better article. 



It was resolved that the bee-men present meet at the 

 close of the convention to organize a honey exchange! 



Moved by J. D. Evans, seconded by R. F. Holtermann, 

 this Association will co-operate with the directors of the 

 Industrial Exhibition, Toronto, in making the Dominion 

 Exhibition, to be held by them, a success, and that the 

 President and Secretary forward a petition to the Dominion 

 Government, asking financial aid to said exhibition. 

 Carried. 



Mr. Fixter brought up the matter of exhibiting at St. 

 Eouis, urging that preparations be begun at once in order 



that we mignt put up a creditable exhibit there. It was 

 decided that the matter be left in the hands of the executive. 



On motion, it was decided that the executive committee 

 meet Mr. Creelman, Provincial Superintendent of Farmers' 

 Institutes, and make arrangements with him to help this 

 Association in advertising its meetings and getting out 

 programs. 



A vote of thanks was tendered to Mr. Fixter for bring- 

 ing up and urging the matter of a honey exhibit at St. 

 Louis. 



On motion, the Board of Directors were allowed to 

 grant money for organizing a honey exchange. 

 (The End.) 



I Our Bee-Heeping Sisters ^ 



Conducted bu EMMfl M. WILSON, Marengo, 111. 

 Mrs. West and Bee-Keeping- in the South. 



At the Denver convention one of the many bee-keeping- 

 sisters that I enjoyed meeting very much was Mrs. West, 

 of Texas. She is a brisk business woman, has very decided 

 views, and a unique manner of expressing them. It was a 

 pleasure to me to hear her talk. Those that met her at 

 Denver will, I feel sure, be glad to see the communication 

 from her in this number. If she would, I feel sure she 

 might give us a good many interesting and instructive 

 items about bee-keeping in the South. 



Bottom Foundation Starters in Sections. 



One of the things it may be worth while for us to talk 

 about a little is whether it is best to have a bottom starter 

 in the sections or not. Some one may say, " What do you 

 want a bottom starter for, any way ? A top starter is all 

 that is needed to make the bees build straight, isn't it ?" 

 Yes, they will get along very well with only a top starter 

 so far as building straight is concerned, but is that all that 

 is needed ? Don't you have any trouble with having your 

 honey break out of the section, especially if you ship it ? 

 Now, doesn't most of the trouble from breakage come from 

 the fact that the honey is not securely fastened to the bot- 

 tom of the sections, as it was at the top ? 



If it is securely fastened to the section all around, built 

 solid full, isn't it pretty safe from breakage, with good 

 handling ? Then doesn't it look a good deal better ? 



If it is securely fastened at the top and part way down 

 the sides, there is great danger from breakage, but if it is 

 securely fastened at the top and bottom, even if not fast- 

 ened at the sides at all, it is pretty safe. But if it is securely 

 fastened at the top and bottom, you need not worry about 

 the sides — they will be fastened all right. 



Another thing : During a slow flow — and especially is 

 this true with a weak colony — the bees will sometimes draw 

 out only one side of the 'foundation, and fill it with honey, 

 and the weight will cause it to sag over to one side, and 

 it will be fastened to the separator. This will not hap- 

 pen with the two pieces, for the first thing the bees will do 

 will be to fasten together the two pieces, even if they do 

 not put any honey in. 



A good size for the top piece is 3 '4 inches deep, and for 

 the bottom starter -s-inch deep. If the bottom starters are 

 made deeper they will fall over and make trouble, and the 

 bees will sometimes gnaw them down if they are much 

 shallower. That would leave a 's inch space between the 

 pieces, providing there was no waste in the foundation by 

 fastening it in ; but that waste increases the space to some- 

 thing more than 's of an inch. 



This space between the pieces does away with any sag- 

 there might be by the stretching of the foundation, and the 

 result is a straight, well-filled, securely-fastened section of 

 comb honey. 



Reading- in Winter— Other Comments. 



I notice on page 25 one of the subscribers asks to have 

 discontinued her copy of the American Bee Journal until 



