THE PERSIAN WHEEL. 299 



for raising water, though the ^^ moth^^ is occa- 

 sionally employed, and the latter with the same 

 labour will raise about one-fifth more water. 

 The Persian wheel has, however, its advantages, 

 particularly in gardens, as requiring less space, 

 from the bullocks moving round in a circle. 

 The Persian wheel is of two kinds, the hoorla^ 

 worked by a single bullock ; and the churJce by 

 two, or a camel. The pots are sustained by 

 grass ropes. The wheels are very coarsely 

 made, whereby the friction is much increased. 

 They cost at first about 15 rupees, and the vil- 

 lage carpenter keeps them in repair, and the 

 potter replaces the jars when broken for a small 

 annual payment. The jjairatee is a wheel that 

 is worked by a man walking on it. Grain is 

 usually sown broadcast. The corn is trodden 

 out by bullocks. The yield of crops varies 

 considerably. In the Sahitti districts of the 

 Hyderabad collectoratc from 780 to 1300 lbs 

 per beega is not unknown, whilst in the more 

 southern portion of the same collcctorate less 

 than one half that amount is considered a full 

 average crop. In Upper Sindh, strong and well- 

 constructed carts arc in use for husbandry pur- 

 poses, but in Lower Sindh, owing to tlic nu- 



