HISTORY OF VERMONT. 299 



Phips. Unfortunately the colonies wasted tho 

 summer in a fruitless expectation of succours 

 from England. When Winthrop proceeded to 

 the lake, the Indians saw that it was too late to 

 make the necessary preparations to embark hi.3 

 ai'ray ; and they would not venture to join him 

 in any considerable nunibers. Unable to pro- 

 ceed he was obliged to returji*to Albany. This 

 retreat proved flital to the attempts at Quebec. 

 When opposed by the whole force of Canada, 

 Phips could not succeed either in taking, or in 

 holding the capital of the country. 



The fruitkbs attempts of the English colo- 

 nies to subdue Canada, left very unfavorable 

 impressions on the minds of the Indians of 

 the five nations. They saw a precarious depen- 

 dencv of the colonies on a distant and unknown 

 nation, which they could not comprehend ; a 

 waste of time, which appeared to them to be 

 unnecessary ; and a want of that unanimity, se- 

 crecy, energy, and perseverance, which * ere 

 generally to be found in their ov/n councils, and 

 in those of the French ; of course they became 

 apprehensive that their new allies had not the 

 necessary information, or power, to subdue 

 their enemies. Major Schuyler, of Albany, 

 was acquainted with the Indian character, and 

 discerned the depression of their minds. Tq. 

 keep alive, and to animate their enmity and hos- 

 tility against the French, in the summer of the 

 year 1691, he put himself at the head of a party 

 of Mohav/ks ; and passing through lake Cham- 

 plain, made a vigorous irruption upon the 

 French settlements on the river Sore!. He was 

 opposed by M. De Caiiieres,v the governor of 



