LATEK LIFE ON THE EAETH 61 



what is known as the Neanderthal Kace, and are of 

 Pleistocene age. The skulls have strong ridges 

 over the eyes, a retreating forehead, and also a re- 

 treating chin. At that time Palaeolithic man appears 

 as a savage, living in caves and hunting wild 

 animals, which he killed by means of pointed flint 

 weapons, held in the hand, and which he cooked by 

 means of hot stones. For even then man knew the 

 use of fire. How he advanced in knowledge, at first 

 very slowly, and then with ever increasing rapidity, 

 is so extensive a subject that it forms a separate 

 branch of science, called Ethnology, the facts of 

 which form the foundation for theories of the psycho- 

 logical evolution that commenced with the advent of 

 man. 



A very condensed account must suffice. 



Thei Migrations of Man. Man is divided 

 into several varieties called races which differ 

 much from each other ; and we know from 

 ancient sculptures that the Negro and Egyp- 

 tian races had each their characteristic features in the 

 time of Menes, nearly six thousand year ago. Also, 

 these different races speak different languages, which 

 cannot be traced to a single source. Nevertheless, 

 it is generally believed that all human beings had a 

 common origin, and belong to one species, called 

 Homo sapiens by Linna3us, and defined by him as 

 the Tyrant of Nature. 



Probably the differences we see are due to early 

 migrations, which brought about the isolation of 

 different groups of men. 



