nations, or at any rate they afford us the most reliable 

 evidence attainable, and it is this that makes the 

 study of ethnography so interesting. Man is a 

 gregarious animal, and families have developed into 

 the clan, clans into the tribe, and tribes into the 

 nation. No doubt society stimulates the intelli- 

 gence, while the physical conditions of a country 

 determine the amount of population it can sustain ; 

 but these causes go very little way towards explaining 

 why some nations have progressed and others have 

 remained stationary. As Dr. Virchow has said : 

 4 ' It was not the work of the masses which deter- 

 mined the great lines of civilisation , but the work of 

 individuals." We must, however, remember that 

 both savage and civilised races are separated from 

 primeval man by the same number of generations. 



