343 



ELEMENTARY ANATOMY. 



[LESS. 



combines with the tensor vaginae femoris and the gluteus 

 maximus to form an almost continuous muscular sheet, extend- 

 ing as to its origin from the crest of the ilium to the caudal 

 vertebrae and ischium, and, as to its insertion, from the patella 

 to the ankle, thus contributing to form a most powerful flexor 

 of the limb. 



This muscle may be entirely wanting, as in the Bats (ac- 

 cording to Meckel). We may, on the contrary, find a com- 

 plexity of muscular structure on the peroneal aspect of the 

 pelvic limb, by far exceeding anything met with in the class 

 to which man belongs. 



G-.Mx 



VHV 



FIG. 313. DEEPER MUSCLES OF EXTENSOR SURFACE OF RIGHT LEG OF 

 MENOPOMA. 



B, biceps; EB, extensor brevis ; EH, extensor hallucis ; ELD, extensor longus 

 digitorum ; FC, femoro-caudal ; GMd and GMi, muscles like the lesser glutei ; 

 GMx and RF, great extensors of the thigh ; 7, muscle resembling the iliacus ; 

 IIC, ilio-caudal ; IP, ilio-peroneal ; SM and ST, muscles like the semi- 

 membranosus and semi-tendinosus respectively ; TA, tibialis anticus. 



Thus in some Reptiles and Batrachians we find four dis- 

 tinct muscles which, if not exactly answering to the biceps, 

 may most fitly be noticed in relation with it. 



Thus (i) we have a muscle (sometimes called ilio-peroneal} 

 extending from the outer side of the ilium downwards to be 

 inserted by a strong tendon outside the upper part of the 



