ELEMENTARY ANATOMY, 



[LESS. 



entering the intestine in advance of the entrance of the biliary 

 secretion. 



An essential similarity exists in the pancreas, not only of 

 Reptiles, but also of Batrachians ; and yet in Fishes this 

 organ appears to be replaced by quite another structure. In 

 most bony Fishes there are several, or many, crecal pouches 

 attached to the commencement of the alimentary canal. 

 These may be but two in number, as in the Turbot ; or there 





FIG 381. DIGESTIVE ORGANS OF A 

 SWORD-FISH (Xiphias giadiiis). 



/, liver; c, cardiac part of the stomach ; 



FIG. 382. STOMACH AND INTESTINE 

 OF A WHITING (Merlangus vulgar is). 



(After Hyde S alter.) 



t^fS^vK^J^SK *> -sophagus ; c, cardiac end of the 



massed into a body like the conglome 

 rate pancreas of Mammals ; i, intes 

 tine 



stomach ; py, pylorus ; p, numerous 

 pyloric caeca ; /, intestine. 



may be but a single tube, as in Polypterns ; or fifty, as in the 

 Pilchard ; or about 120, as in the Whiting. They may be all 

 distinct, or they may be agglomerated together into a sort 

 of solid gland (showing a certain resemblance to the pancreas 

 of higher animals), as in the Sword-fish. The pancreas may 

 be altogether wanting, as in the Lancelet. 



14. The LIVER of man, the largest gland in his body, has 

 been noticed in the Fifth Lesson of " Elementary Physiology," 



