494 ELEMENTARY ANATOMY. [LESS. 



^10) He has definite calcareous teeth. 



(11) The mammary glands are provided with nipples. 



21. Man differs from all MARSUPIALS in that 



(1) His cerebrum has a very large corpus callosum and a 



small anterior commissure. 



(2) He has no marsupial bones. 



(3) The angle of his mandible is not inflected. 



(4) His internal carotid perforates the petrous bone, anc 



not the sphenoid. 



22. Man is distinguished from all MAMMALS below his own 



order in that 



(1) His anterior extremities are provided with thumbs. 



(2) His orbits are separated off from the temporal fossae by 



bony lamellae. 



(3) His dental formula is I f , C *, P M f , M \. 



23. Man differs from all MEMBERS OF HIS ORDER excep 

 the three highest genera, the Orang (Simla), the Gorilla anc 

 Chimpanzee (Troglodytes), and the Gibbons (Hylobates) 

 in that 



(1) His sternum is of considerable breadth. 



(2) His metapophyses and anapophyses are very little 



developed. 



(3) His cerebrum is richly convoluted. 



(4) His caecum has a vermiform appendix. 



(5) His hallux is not formed for grasping, but for support- 



ing his body in an erect posture. 



24. Man differs from even the HIGHEST APES in 



(1) The position of his body being erect. 



(2) The curvature of his spine and the form of his pelvis 



being consequently peculiar. 



(3) That his thumb reaches to the middle of the proximal 



phalanx of the index. 



(4) His femur being longer absolutely, its shaft more an- 



gular, and its linea aspera t more projecting. 



(5) The absolute length of his tibia and the sharpness of 



the crest of that bone. 



(6) The descent of the posterior border of the distal arti- 



cular surface of the tibia below its anterior border. 



(7) The much greater descent of the peroneal than of the 



tibial malleolus. 



