LESSONS IN BOTANY. 



PART I. 



CHAPTER I. 



A BUTTERCUl' IS EXAMINED. 



!. The Root. Its form and general structure : it penetrates 

 the soil ; is colourless ; irregularly branched ; destitute of 

 leaves ; and its extremities are sheathed. 



2. The Stem. It ascends; is coloured; bears leaves and 



branches at definite points : the extremities are not 

 sheathed, but give off, successively, rudiments of leaves. 



3. Foliage -leaves. They are borne by the stem only. "Radi- 



cal " and " cauline" leaves : thin, coloured green, consist- 

 ing of an horizontally expanded blade with, or without, a 

 petiole. 



4. Flowers consist of leaves. The peduncle. Suppression of 



internodes in flowers. The rtceptacle of the flower. 



5. The sepals ; forming the calyx. 



6. The petals ; forming the corolla. 



7. The stamens ; bearing anthers which contain pollen-grains. 



The stamens are hypogynous. 



8. The carpels ; each containing an ovule. The stigma. The 



style. The carpels, collectively, constitute an apocarpous 

 pistil. 



9. The carpels persist after the other parts of the flower fall 



away. The fruit ; seed ; embryo and albumen. 

 10. A summary of the parts examined. 



GATHER, first of all, a specimen of the Common 

 Buttercup. 



There are at least three different plants included under 

 this name, almost equally common in meadows and 

 pastures over all England, and most of Scotland, but as 



O.B. B 



