22 BUTTERCUP. [CHAP. 



CHAPTER IV. 



COMMON FLOWERS TO COMPARE WITH BUTTERCUP. 



1. Common plants are examined and compared with Buttercup 



in order to illustrate the more important modifications 

 which they severally present, due, chiefly, to varying con- 

 ditions of cohesion, adhesion, and suppression of parts. 



2. Buttercup. 



3. Wallflower. 



4. Pea. 



5. Bramble. 



6. Apple or Pear. 



7. Cow Parsnip or Carrot. 



8. Daisy. 



9. Deadnettle. 



10. Primrose. 



11. Stinging Nettle. 



12. Willow. 



13. Points of agreement in the structure of the plants just 



examined. 



14. These characters are strengthened by other characters 



derived from the seeds and wood. 



15. The structure of the seed. A Bean is selected. The parts 



of the seed and of the embryo. 



1 6. Germination, and the way in which it takes place in the 



Bean. 



17. Comparison of the seeds of Bean and Buttercup. Albumin- 



ous and exalbuminous seeds. 



1 8. They are both dicotyledonous. 



19. No characters are absolute. 



i. (~* ATHER flowers of as many of the following com- 



\J mon plants as you are able. The accompanying 



woodcuts must do duty for those which are not in frower, 



or which happen to be out of reach : 



Wallflower, Pea, Bramble, Apple (or Pear), Cow Parsnip 



