44 WHEAT. [CHAP. 



perianth (epiphyllous]. The pistil, from its three-lobed 

 stigma and the three cells in its inferior ovary, is clearly 

 syncarpous. Daffodil has, therefore : Perianth superior, 



famophyllous (with a corona] ; stamens epiphyllous, 

 exandrous ; pistil syncarpous, ovary inferior. 

 4. TULIP. Very similar in many respects to the Daffo- 

 dil, differing principally in the absence of both cohesion 

 and adhesion in the perianth, and in the absence of a 



FIG. 34. Vertical section of a flower of Tulip. 



corona. The stamens are free, and the pistil has a 3-lobed 

 stigma and 3-celled ovary. Tulip may be described thus : 

 Perianth inferior, polyphyllous j stamens hypogynous, 

 hexan^rous ; pistil syncarpous, ovary superior. 



5. WHEAT. We have here an arrangement of parts 

 widely different from that obtaining in any of the plants 

 hitherto examined. The flowers are arranged in short, 

 broad spikelets, which spikelets are disposed alternately 

 in two rows along the top of the stem, forming a dense, 

 obtusely four-cornered spike. Break the entire spike in 

 two about the middle, and take one of the lowest spike- 

 lets from the upper half. Observe that it is attached to 

 the stem (axis of the spike, called the rachis] by its side. 

 In some grasses, as Rye-grass, the spikelets are attached 

 by their edge to the r'achis. Each spikelet consists of a 

 pair of nearly opposite, hard, dry, scaly leaves, called the 



