148 LEGUMINOS^:. [CLASS 



pccus) : leafy stipules substituting true leaves in Yellow 

 Pea (Lathy rus Aphacd) : petals often adhering by their 

 claws to the stamens in Clover (Trifolium} : the peduncles 

 of Subterranean Clover (T. subterraneiwi), which curve 

 towards the ground after flowering, emitting short fibres. 



In Earth-nut (Arachis hypogcea) the fruit is ripened 

 underground. 



COMPARE the stamens of Pea [diadelphous] ; Broom 

 \Sarothamnus) or Furze ( Ulex) [monadelphous] ; and 

 Judas-tree (Cercis) [free and decandrous]. Compare also 

 the fruits (legumes) of Pea ; Medick (Medicago) [spirally 

 twisted] ; Astragalus [partially 2-celled by infolding of 

 the dorsal suture] ; Bird's-foot (Ornithopus) [indehiscent 

 and jointed called a lomenf\ ; Cassia fistula [indehiscent, 

 with numerous spurious tranverse dissepiments developed 

 from the endocarp] ; Tonquin Bean (Dipteryx) [inde- 

 hiscent and drupaceous] ; Pterocarpus [winged, i -seeded 

 and indehiscent]. 



The Natural Order derives its name Legutninosa from 

 the characteristic form of its fruit, called a legume. The 

 legume is normally monocarpellary (of i-carpel), dry and 

 dehiscent by both siftures (ventral and dorsal), but the 

 examples just given show that the typical form of fruit is 

 departed from in certain genera. 



FIG. 105. Fruit (legume) of Garden Pea. 



But a few of the numerous species serviceable to man 

 can be noticed here. 



Of Timber trees, the more important are the well- 

 known cabinet Rosewoods (South American species of 

 Dalbergia) and the Locust-tree (HymencEci) of tropical 



