32 



STRUCTURAL BOTANY. 



[26, 27. 



75. In the Crowfoot, Rose, and other families with numerous stamens, the 

 arrangement is in crowded spirals, like the phyllotaxis of the plants with the 

 internodes undeveloped. The carpels of the Crowfoot are also generally mul- 

 tiplied, yet often, on the contrary, diminished, as in the Paeony. In Rosacese, 

 also, the stamens are generally multiplied, while the carpels exist in all con- 

 ditions as to number. Thus in Strawberry they are multiplied, in the Apple 

 they are regularly five, in Agrimony reduced to two, and in the Cherry to 

 one. In Magnolia the ft flowers have three sepals in one circle, six or nine 

 petals in two or three circles, numerous stamens and carpels in many circles 

 of each. In the ty flowers or Blood-root there are two sepals, eight petals, 

 twenty-four stamens, and two carpels. 



76. Chbrisis.In. other cases, the organs seem to be increased in number 

 by clusters, rather than by circles, as when in the same circle several stamens 

 stand in the place of one e.g., in Squirrel-corn, St. Johnswort, Linden. Such 

 cases afford wide scope for conjecture. Perhaps each cluster originates by 

 division, as the compound from the simple leaf ; or as a tuft of axillary leaves ; 

 or thirdly, by a partial union of organs. 



CHAPTER IY. 



ANOMALOUS FLOWERS CONTINUED. 



77. Appendicular organs consist of spurs, scales, 

 crown, glands, etc., and often afford excellent dis- 

 tinctive marks. The old term nectary was indiscrim- 



26 



26, Flower of Delphinium Consolida (common Larkspur), displaying K, s, ,, s, s, the five sepals a, (he 

 upper one spur; c, the corolla of four petals, here united into one and produce* into a spur. 27, Flower 

 of Impatiens fulva (Touch-me-not). 28, Displaying s, s, s, y, the four sepals, y being saccate and spurred ; 

 p, p, the two petals, both double, preserving the symmetry. 



inately applied to all 

 them produced honey. 



such organs, because some of 



