34 



STRUCTURAL BOTANY. 



[27, 28. 



Phlox, with the pistils in Milkweed, Lady's-slipper ; 

 or calyx with ovary, in Apple or Wintergreen (G-aul- 

 theria). The adjective free is used in a sense opposite 

 to adhesion, implying that the organ is inserted on (or 

 grows out of) the receptacle, and otherwise separated 

 from any other kind of organ. The adjective distinct 

 is opposed to cohesion, implying that like organs are 

 separate from each other. More of this in another 

 chapter. 



29, Flower of Aconitum Napellus displayed; *, , s, s, , the five sepals, the upper one hooded; p, p, p, 

 the five petals, of which the two upper are nectaries covered by the hood, and the three lower very minute. 

 30, Flower of Catalpa, 2-lipped, 5-lobed. 31, Corolla laid open, showing the two perfect stamens and the 

 three rudimentary. 



83. Irregular development. Our typical flower is 

 regular; and observation proves that all flowers are 

 actually alike regular in the early bud. Those in- 

 equalities or " one-sided " forms, therefore, which char- 

 acterize certain flowers, are occasioned by subsequent 

 irregular growth from a regular type. The irregu- 

 larity of flowers occurs in a thousand ways and 

 modes ; in the unequal size of like organs ; in their 

 dissimilar forms and positions ; in their unequal cohe- 

 sions, and in their partial suppressions. So in the 

 Violet (50), Monk's-hood (29), Catalpa (30), the Labi- 

 ates (69), the Pea tribe (59), etc. 



