38 



STRUCTURAL BOTANY. 



[31, 32. 



91. The gamosepalous calyx, or gamopetalous co- 

 rolla, although thus compounded of several pieces, is 

 usually described as a simple organ, wheel-shaped, cup- 

 shaped, tubular, according to .the degree of cohesion. 

 The lower part of it, formed by the united claws, 

 whether long or short, is the tube; the upper part, 

 composed of the confluent laminae, is the border, or 

 limb; the opening of the tube above is the throat. 



92. The border is either lobed, toothed, crenate, 

 etc., by the distinct ends of the pieces composing it, 

 as in the calyx of Pink, the calyx and corolla of 

 Primula, Phlox, and Bellwort, or it may become, by a 

 complete lateral cohesion, entire, as in the Morning- 

 glory. Here the compound nature of the organ is 

 shown by the seams alone. 



93. A terminal cohesion, where summit as well as 

 sides are joined, forming a cap rather than cup, rarely 

 occurs, as in the calyx of the garden Eschscholtzia and 

 the corolla of the Grape. 



45 



45, Flower of Saponaria (Bouncing Bet); petals and claws quite distinct. 46, Phlox; claws united, 

 with lamina distinct. 47, Spigelia (Pink -root;, petals still further united. 48, Quamoclit coccinea ; petals 

 united throughout. 



94. The modes of adhesion are various and im- 

 portant, furnishing some of the most valuable dis- 



