44, 45.] 



THE ESSENTIAL ORGANS. 



53 



parts of a simple pistil are three the ovary (o, 113) 

 at base, the stigma (s) at the summit, and the style 

 (sty) intervening. Like the filament, the style is not 

 essential ; and when it is wanting, the stigma 

 is sessile upon the ovary, as in Anemone (116). 

 In order to understand the relation of these 

 parts, we must needs first study 



126. The morphology of the pistil. As 



113 



114 



116 



113, Pistil of Tobacco. 114, Pistil, stamens, and calyx of Azalea. 115, Trillium stigmas (d) and anthers 

 (s) nearly sessile. 116, Pistils of Rue Anemone (A. thcUictroides)-^stigm&a sessile. 



before stated, the pistil consists of a modified leaf 

 called a carpel (nap-nog, fruit), or carpellary leaf. This 

 leaf is folded together toward the axis, so that the 

 upper surface becomes the inner, while the lower be- 

 comes the outer surface of the ovary. By this arrange- 

 ment two sutures or seams will be formed the dorsal, 

 at the back, by the midvein ; the ventral, in front, by 

 the joined margins of the leaf. This view of the 

 pistil is remarkably confirmed and illustrated by the 

 flowers of the Double Cherry (124, 125), where the 

 pistil may be seen in every degree of transition, re- 

 verting toward the form of a leaf. This carpellary 

 leaf stands in the place of the pistil, having the edges 

 infolded toward each other, the midvein prolonged and 

 dilated at the apex, as shown in 125. 



