XXvV1 PREFACE. 
desirable that an authoritative statement should be drawn up, 
setting forth with all clearness the real nature of the offence, 
and the evidence on which judgement had been pronounced, 
and the task of drawing up such a statement was entrusted 
to the skilful pen of Bacon. The result was 4 Declaration of 
the Practises and Treasons attempted and committed by Robert 
late Earle of Essex and his Complices, against her Maiestie and 
her Kingdoms, &c., which was published in 1601. His in- 
structions as to the writing were very precise, and after 
.a first draft had been made, it was submitted to ‘certain 
principal counsellors,’ who ‘made almost a new writing,’ so 
that Bacon himself ‘gave only words and form of style,’ and 
in this he nothing extenuated or set aught down in malice. 
The principal offenders being punished, he exerted himself 
to save the inferior actors, and with such good success that 
six out of nine were stayed from being attainted. 
In the course of the spring of 1601 he lost his brother 
Anthony, to whom he had always been greatly attached. 
His circumstances were by this somewhat improved, and with - 
the 1200/. which he received from the fine of Catesby, one 
of the accomplices of Essex, he was enabled to get rid of 
some obligations which had pressed heavily upon him. 
In the last Parliament of Elizabeth, which met on the 27th 
of October, 1601, Bacon was returned both by Ipswich and 
St. Alban’s, a conspicuous proof that his conduct in the Essex 
conspiracy had not brought upon him the censure of the 
country. His voice, as of old, was heard, and his pen was still 
busy, on all important questions. 
With the death of Elizabeth on the 24th of March, 1602-3, 
and the accession of James, no great change took place in 
Bacon’s prospects. He was still allowed to continue one of 
the learned counsel. On the 3rd of July he writes to Cecil 
that he is forced to sell the skirts of his living in Hertford- 
shire to preserve the body, thereby leaving himself free from 
debt and with a little money in hand, ‘300/. land per annum, 
with a fair house, and the ground well timbered.’ He wishes ~ 
to be made a knight because of some disgrace which had 
