Hehe ? 
xu. 2] THE SECOND BOOK. — 149 
civil history, morality, policy, about the which men’s affec- 
tions, praises, fortunes do turn and are conversant. But 
this same /umen siccum doth parch and offend most men’s 
watery and soft natures. But to speak truly of things as 
they are in worth, rational knowledges are the keys of 
all other arts: for as Aristotle saith aptly and elegantly, 
That the hand ts the instrument of instruments, and the mind 
ts the form of forms ; so these be truly said to be the art 
of arts. Neither do they only direct, but likewise confirm 
and strengthen: even as the habit of shooting doth not 
only enable to shoot a nearer shoot, but also to draw 
a stronger bow. 
3. The arts intellectual are four in number; divided 
according. to the ends whereunto they are referred: for 
man’s labour is to invent that which is sought or pro- 
pounded; or to judge that which is invented; or to 
retain that which is judged; or to deliver over that 
which is retained. So as the arts must be four: art 
of inquiry or invention: art of examination or judge- 
ment: art of custody or memory: and art of elocution 
or tradition. 
XIII. 1. Invention is of two kinds much differing: the 
one of arts and sciences, and the other of speech and 
arguments. The former of these I do report deficient; 
which seemeth to me to be such a deficience as if, in the 
making of an inventory touching the state of a defunct, it 
should be set down that there is no ready money. For 
as money will fetch all other commodities, so this know- 
ledge is that which should purchase all the rest. And like 
as the West Indies had never been discovered if the use 
of the mariner’s needle had not been first discovered, 
though the one be vast regions, and the other a small 
motion; so it cannot be found strange if sciences be no 
