LEPIDOPTERA. 1 31 



fever. Many die while moulting, especially the larvae of but- 

 terflies, sphinges and bombycids ; others are carried off by_ 

 diarrhoea, which is generally caused by improper feeding on too 

 juicy or relaxing food, when oak leaves or dry stunted foliage 

 should be given them. To relieve constipation they should be 

 fed with lettuce and other natural purgatives, and lastly, they 

 may be attacked by fungi, especially, besides those previously 

 mentioned, a species of Oidium. Such patients should be put' 

 in direct sunlight or dry currents of air. (Entomologist's 

 Monthly Magazine, June, 18G8.) The pupae easily dry up; 

 they should be kept moist, in tubes of glass closed at either 

 end, through which the moth can be seen when disclosed. 



In setting Micro-lepidoptera : "If the insect is very small I 

 hold it by its legs between the thumb and finger of the left 

 hand, whilst I pierce it with the pin held between the thumb 

 and finger of the right hand ; Fig. so. 



if the insect is not very small 

 I use a rough surface, as a 

 piece of blotting paper, or 

 piece of cloth, for it to lie 

 upon and prevent its slipping 

 about, and then cautiously in- 

 sert the point of the pin in 

 the middle of the thorax, as 



nearly as possible in a vertical direction. As soon as the pin is 

 fairly through the insect, remove it to a piece of soft cork, 

 and by pressing it in, push the insect as far up the pin as is 

 required. 



" For setting the insects I find nothing answers as well as a 

 piece of soft cork, papered with smooth paper, and with 

 grooves cut to admit the bodies. The wings are placed in the 

 required position by the setting needle, and are then retained 

 in their places by a wedge-shaped, thin paper brace (Fig. 30), 

 placed over them till a square brace of smooth card-board is 

 placed over the ends of the wings." (Stainton.) A small 

 square of glass can also be laid on the wings to keep them ex- 

 panded, and thus serve the same purpose as the paper braces. 



Linnaeus first set the example of having the specific names 

 of the Tortricids end in ana and of the Tineids in ella, and at 

 the present day the rule is generally followed by entomologists, 



