90 CULTURE OP THE ROSE. 



certain depths below the surface to rise, and benefit the 

 thirsty roots. For a similar reason, the process of sub- 

 soiling, or trenching, by which the earth is loosened and 

 stirred to a great depth, is exceedingly beneficial to roses, 

 since the lower portions of the disturbed soil are a maga- 

 zine of moisture which the severest drought cannot 

 exhaust. 



With newly-planted roses it is well to practise " mulch- 

 ing " with manure ; or, in other words, to place manure on 

 the surface around the roots of the plants. This keeps the 

 ground moist and open, while every rain washes down a 

 portion of nutriment to the roots. 



Roses may be planted in clumps, on the lawn, with far 

 better effect than when arranged in formal beds. They 

 may be separated according to their classes, as June roses, 

 Bourbons, Hybrid Perpetuals, Mosses, &c. ; and the effect 

 ,-/ill be vastly better, if, instead of mingling colors indis- 

 criminately, each is placed by itself. Thus the pure white 

 of Madame Plantier will form a rich contrast with the 

 de ip 3rim3cn of General Jacqueminot, the vivid rose of . 



