14 THE BOOK OF SHRUBS 



planting alongside running streams and on the margin 

 of lakes and ponds. Some of the species have a brilliant 

 red bark, and consequently present a bright effect when 

 leafless during the autumn and winter months. They 

 may be readily increased by cuttings, layers, or seeds. 

 Cuttings of the well ripened shoots taken early in the 

 autumn and inserted in sandy soil in an unheated frame 

 or under a hand-glass will usually root freely. If any 

 difficulty is experienced in striking the cuttings of either 

 of the kinds, select medium-sized shoots as soon as the 

 leaves have fallen and peg them down round the plant, 

 previously making a transverse cut half-way through 

 the shoot in an upward direction, and then cover the 

 portion pegged down with two or three inches of soil. 

 The seed should be sown in the autumn or early in the 

 spring in an unheated frame and planted out in nursery 

 lines in the kitchen garden when a few inches in height. 

 The several species differ in height and should be 

 assigned positions in the shrubbery according to their 

 stature, the dwarf-growing kind being planted along the 

 front. They appear to the greatest advantage when 

 planted in rather large groups on the water's edge or in 

 the semi-wild positions, and should be sparingly planted 

 in small gardens. 



The most noteworthy of the several species are : The 

 White-fruited Dogwood (Cornus alba) a rather handsome 

 species with white flowers and fruits, and red stems. 

 Height about nine feet. Round-leaved Dogwood (C. 

 circinalis) a distinct form with cymes of white flowers 

 followed by blue fruits, and purple bark ; height about 

 seven feet. Japanese Dogwood (C. Kousa) a handsome 

 Japanese species, attaining a height of about five feet, 

 and bearing clusters of small yellow flowers, each with 

 four large white bracts. The bracts have a diameter of 

 about three inches and are the most attractive part of the 

 inflorescence. Cornelian Cherry (C. Mas) a handsome 



