DECIDUOUS FLOWERING SHRUBS 29 



year being sufficient to maintain them in a sufficiently 

 vigorous state. Bone dust spread over the surface at 

 the rate of four ounces to the square yard will be a good 

 substitute for manure from the farmyard. A moderate 

 amount of thinning will occasionally be required, and 

 this should be done by the removal of weakly and ex- 

 hausted shoots. As they bloom on shoots of the previ- 

 ous year, none of these must be removed when pruning, 

 except for some special reason. They can be propagated 

 from suckers which rise freely about the base, also from 

 cuttings of ripened shoots in the autumn, which should 

 be cut into lengths of seven or eight inches and inserted 

 in the open border, where they should remain for twelve 

 months and be then transplanted. 



The Philadelphus frequently fail to bloom satisfac- 

 torily and contribute so liberally to the attractions of the 

 garden, as they should do, owing to their being crowded 

 up with other shrubs. They are eminently satisfactory 

 when planted in rather large beds on the lawn by them- 

 selves, and when so arranged a few can be removed or 

 some of the branches cut away, as they show signs of 

 becoming overcrowded. They present an attractive 

 appearance when arranged singly or in groups in the 

 shrubbery, provided care is taken to prevent their 

 becoming overcrowded by cutting away the other shrubs 

 growing near them. The finest of the forms are : 

 Philadelphus coronatus, a beautiful species ranging from 

 six to ten feet in height, and producing in May a profusion 

 of white fragrant flowers an inch or so in diameter ; P. 

 coronarius Keteleeri has double white flowers, and is the 

 best of the double Mock Oranges ; P. Gordonianus, a 

 very fine species rising to a height of eight or ten feet and 

 bearing in July large pure white flowers ; it is especially 

 valuable for the large size and purity of its flowers and 

 for the late period at which it blooms. P. grandiflorus 

 is similar to the last-named, but the flowers are hardly 



