64 THE BOOK OF SHRUBS 



of interesting and attractive evergreens of low growth, 

 and more or less remarkable for their bright red berries. 

 They make a vigorous growth, and fruit freely in all 

 descriptions of soil and in the most diverse situations. 

 They produce a pleasing effect when arranged in small 

 groups on the lawn, and also in groups on the margin of 

 beds and borders devoted to shrubs, but they appear to 

 the greatest advantage when judiciously employed for 

 the latter purpose. They are also most useful for 

 planting on rock-covered banks and by the side of rustic 

 and other steps, C. horizontal}* being the best for the 

 latter purpose. They can be readily increased by means 

 of cuttings and seeds. 



The most useful of the several species with evergreen 

 foliage are : Cotoneaster buxiflora, C. horizonta/is, C. pannosa 

 and C. thymifolia, and these range in height from one to 

 four feet high. 



CRAT^GUS. The free fruiting Cratagus Pyracantha 

 and its variety Lelandi are the most useful of all the 

 evergreens other than ivies for covering wall spaces. 

 They are not particular as to the soil or aspect, and are 

 free in growth, clothing considerable wall spaces in a 

 comparatively short time, and in the spring they produce 

 a profusion of white hawthorn-like flowers, which are 

 followed by large clusters of fruits that in the autumn 

 change to crimson and orange - scarlet respectively. 

 They should be trained closely to the wall until the 

 area is covered, and then a little latitude should be 

 allowed to the secondary growths to prevent flatness, 

 but they must not extend more than twelve inches 

 from the wall surface. 



ESCALLONIAS. These form a small group of evergreen, 

 elegant in habit and free in flowering. In all but 

 favoured districts they require the shelter of a wall with 

 sunny aspect. They may be planted against the walls 

 of a dwelling or other building, but they are the most 



