90 EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE. 



of this man s success he had signed the temperance pledge; 

 he is a tee-totaller, and drinks neither spirituous nor fermented 

 liquor. 



An inquiry was made of Mr. Dumbrell, &quot;how it was possible 

 to keep two cows, and maintain a family of five persons, on only 

 three acres of land ; &quot; to which this is his answer &quot; The state 

 ment you saw was very true ; half an acre of pasture, half an 

 acre and eight rods in wheat, and one quarter of an acre in oats , 

 the other part was green food for the cows, such as rye, tares, 

 cabbages, clover, mangel-wurzel, turnips, and Italian rye-grass. 

 But if you are surprised at my keeping two cows on this quantity 

 of land, I must tell you that one crop a year will not do it : but my 

 plan is to take second crops ; that is, rye is the first thing I cut 

 green in the spring ; then I dig the land, and manure it with the 

 liquid manure, as far as it will go ; then finish with rotten dung, 

 and plant mangel-wurzel and turnips ; and the part that I manure 

 with the liquid is always the best. The next thing I cut is 

 winter barley and turnips, and plant some cabbages for winter : 

 by this time I cut the grass and clover, which grows again in a 

 short time, with a little of the liquid manure as soon as it is cut. 

 Last summer I cut the Italian rye-grass and clover three times : 

 and this year I have nearly cut it twice already, and there were 

 really two good crops of the Italian rye-grass, and I think there 

 will be two more this summer, with a little manuring. My early 

 cabbages I always let stand to grow again all the summer, and 

 they bring a great deal of food. I plant again in November, and 

 put the liquid manure to them as far as it will go ; but to the 

 rest I use dung or ashes, which are not so good as the liquid, 

 which any body may tell in the spring by looking at the bed of 

 cabbages ; so I hope it now appears how the cows are maintained 

 in winter as well as in summer. During last winter, I had no 

 hay, only turnips, mangel-wurzel, and straw, and they did very 

 well.&quot; 



I have already apprized my readers that my Reports must be, 

 in a degree, desultory, from the necessity of giving them before 

 the whole ground has been gone over. Compelled at once to 

 begin the erection of my building, I must use such materials as 

 I have ; and which, I fear, under such circumstances, may appear 

 incongruous and ill-assorted to an eye accustomed to order and 

 exact arrangement ; whereas, if every thing were at hand, I might 



