130 EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE. 



therefore trenched thirteen acres of my summer-fallow break, in 

 the months of June and July. I found the soil about fourteen 

 inches deep ; and I turned it completely over ; thereby putting 

 up a clean, fresh soil in the room of the foul and exhausted mould, 

 which I was careful to put at the bottom of the trench. This 

 operation, I found, cost about 4 10s. per Scotch acre, paying 

 my laborers with Is. 6 d. per day. The rest of the field, con 

 sisting of nine acres, I wrought with the plough in the usual way, 

 giving it six furrows, with the suitable harrowing : I manured 

 the field in August : the trench got eight cart-loads per acre, the 

 ploughed land sixteen : the field was sown in the middle 

 of September : the whole turned out a bulky crop as to straw, 

 particularly the trenched portion, which was very much lodged. 

 On threshing them out, I found them to stand as under : 



. s. d. 

 To two years rent, at 2 10s. per annum, ....500 



&quot; expense of trenching, 4 10 



&quot; seed, 3 bushels, at 6s. 9 d., 103 



&quot; 8 cart-loads of manure, at 4s., 1 12 



&quot; expenses of cutting, threshing, and marketing, . . 1 10 

 Profit, 3 18 9 



By trenched wheat per acre, 52 bushels, at 6s. 9d. . 17 11 



. s. d. 



To two years rent, at 2 10 s. per acre, 500 



&quot; 6 furrows and harrowing, at 10s., 300 



&quot; seed. 3 bushels, at 6 s. 9 d., 103 



&quot; 16 cart-loads manure, at 4s., 340 



&quot; expenses of cutting, threshing, and marketing, . . 1 10 



Profit, 093 



By ploughed wheat per acre, 42 bushels, at 6s. 9d. . 14 36 



&quot;I now saw that, though it might be profitable to trench over 

 my fallow-break during the summer months, it was by no means 

 making the most of the system, as the operation was not only 

 more expensive, OAving to the land being hard and dry during 

 the summer, but that it was a useless waste of time to take a 

 whole year to perform an operation that could as well be done in 

 a, few weeks, provided laborers could be had ; and as, in all agri- 



