74 EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE. 



Innately, when high tides flowed up that river, there was frequent 

 interruption to the drainage, from the water in the river being 

 higher than that in the drain ; and it would have flowed in upon 

 the Cars, had not flood-gates prevented it. By placing the engine 

 at some distance from the Trent, a reservoir was then formed in 

 the main drain, within that space flanked by high banks; and so, 

 by lifting the water into this reservoir, to a higher level than the 

 water of the Trent, it is enabled to fall into that river at all 

 times.&quot; * 



9. DRAINAGE AT WISETON. I will insert here a brief notice 

 of a drainage effected by the late estimable Lord Spencer, on his 

 estate at Wisetori, in Nottinghamshire, by means of an eight- 

 horse power steam-engine. 



11 Five hundred acres of swampy meadow land, lying on both 

 sides of the River Idle, and nearly as low as the bed of it, bear 

 ing only coarse aquatic grasses, of little value, not worth more 

 than 15s. an acre, to rent, are now worth full 25s. The cost of 

 the engine was 520; the necessary buildings, and iron pipe 

 (twelve inches in diameter) lying under the bed of the river. 

 400. For this outlay of capital, and the annual expenses of 

 coals, and labor to work the engine, not exceeding 60, there is 

 an increased annual value of 250, on this part of the estate. 

 Besides this, the engine, whilst throwing up the water to con 

 vey it into the river, grinds the corn ; cuts turnips, hay, and 

 straw ; pumps water for the cattle, in the yards and houses, and 

 would, if required, thresh all the corn. Had there been a thou- 



&quot; &quot;The wheel for lifting the water revolves between two stone Avails, in a 

 space of about 27 inches wide, through which the whole of the water is driven. 

 The wheel itself is formed of cast metal sides, with wooden paddles between, 

 placed ingeniously at a certain angle, which enables the wheel to lift the water 

 above its own centre : thus a wheel of &3 feet diameter creates an artificial 

 drainage equal to more than its radius of 1G^ feet. Flood-gates are again placed 

 immediately before the wheel, to prevent the water coming back on the wheel 

 ceasing to revolve. Absolute command of the water is now effected ; and a pro 

 vision has been made, of incalculable value to the occupier of these Cars, by intro 

 ducing, during the summer months, water, from the adjoining River Idle, as a 

 supply for the stock.&quot; 



&quot; The total cost of two engines, for the purpose of this drainage, lias been little 

 less than 12,000, and the annual expenditure of working the engines, and cleans 

 ing the drains, is from 3s. to 4 s. per acre.&quot; Corringhatn s Report of dgi-icul 

 ture of Nottinghamshire. 



