124 EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE. 



used, filled 13 inches deep, the stones regularly levelled, which 

 were all screened, and broken, to pass through a three-inch ring ; 

 then covered with a thin sod, which was well tramped down. 



&quot; When the tiles and stones were both used, about 25 tons of 

 well-broken stones were put over the tiles to the acre, and the 

 drains well sodded. 



&quot; It was also found necessary to build a large main drain for 

 conveying the water from about four hundred acres, through a 

 large tract of ground, which added considerably to the expense. 



u In May, 1844, preparation for turnips was commenced upon 

 it, and all parties previously acquainted with it were astonished 

 at the change. It had become deep, free, and open, one plough 

 ing and harrowing being quite sufficient to prepare it for drilling. 

 Fifty barrels of lime to the acre was applied, after the first stroke 

 of the harrow, arid then well harrowed in with a heavy iron 

 harrow, mixing it minutely with the soil, to the depth of 5 or 6 

 inches. It was then drilled and sown with Swedish turnips on 

 the 6th and 7th of June part being manured with 4 cwt. of 

 guano to the acre, and part with 2 cwt. of guano and 12 bush 

 els of crushed bones : the result has been a superior crop the 

 medal given by the Royal Agricultural Society to local societies, 

 for the best cultivated 5 acres of turnips, having been awarded by 

 the Bangor Farming Society for this crop. I have every reason 

 to believe that all kinds of crops usually grown in this neigh 

 borhood may in future be grown on it successfully ; that they 

 may be sown or planted at times, particularly after heavy rams. 

 which would have been impossible before draining, and that in 

 all cases, with the same manure and labor, there will be fully 

 one third of an increase in the crop.&quot; 



This gentleman proceeds with some observations, which are 

 quite worth recording. 



&quot; It may be proper to remark why it is that I recommend 

 drains to be made deeper and farther apart than those which 

 have been executed at Ballyleidy ; and why I prefer tiles, 

 while a large portion of the drains at Ballyleidy have been made 

 with stones. 



&quot;In the first case, it is from the experience obtained by a 

 careful examination of the effects produced by drains of different 

 depths, that I have become convinced of the superiority of deep 

 over shallow drains. With respect to stones, it was a matter of 



