AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION. 421 



shares. After certain deductions, the half of the produce is 

 returned to the proprietor as the rent of the land. In either 

 case, such education must be highly valuable ; in the case of a 

 tenant, that he may be able to obtain the best return from the 

 land, and, in the case of the proprietor, that he may know what 

 to require, and how properly to direct the management of his 

 estate. 



The term of residence at Grignon is fixed at two years ; but 

 the pupil remains three months after his studies are completed, in 

 order to digest and draw up the entire management of an estate. 

 and describe its details in every department. 



The students are divided into classes denominated internals 

 and externals, or resident and non-resident. The former reside 

 entirely in the house, where they are lodged and boarded, and 

 pay about 800 francs, or 32 pounds, or 160 dollars, per year. 

 The externals, or non-residents, provide for themselves, or lodge 

 at the houses of the neighboring farmers, and pay a very small 

 amount for their instruction. This arrangement is particularly 

 designed to benefit poor scholars. Both classes are equally sub 

 ject to the general discipline and rules of the institution, and are 

 alike engaged in the same works and studies. 



There are lectures everyday in the week. At the commence 

 ment of each lecture, the professor examines the pupils on the 

 subject of the preceding lecture ; and they are required often to 

 take notes, and present a written report of the lecture. Besides 

 the professors, there are two monitors, who have been educated 

 at the school, who labor with the pupils in the fields. They are 

 expected, and it is their duty, to question the pupils on the sub 

 jects which have been treated in the lectures ; to show their 

 application ; to illustrate what may have been obscure ; and, in 

 short, to leave nothing unexplained which is liable to misunder 

 standing or error. There are two public examinations annually, 

 in which the scholars are subjected to a rigorous questioning in 

 what they have been taught. If, at the end of two years, their 

 conduct has been approved, and their examination is met success 

 fully, they receive a diploma from the institution. 



They are not only employed in the. general work of the farm, 



but particular portions of land are assigned to individuals, which 



they manage as they please, and cultivate with their own hands; 



they pay the rent and expenses of manure and team, and receive 



VOL. ii. 36 



