262 APPENDIX C. 



more, of all heat supplied by the boiler is reduced 

 nearly in proportion to the number of steam -cylin- 

 ders in series. 



For the applied thermodynamics of the steam- 

 engine, following Carnot and Thomson, see the 

 pages of Kankine and of Clausius of 1850 to 1860, 

 and especially the treatise of Rankine on the 

 Steam-engine. The editor has adopted the methods 

 of these great successors of Carnot in his " Manual 

 of the Steam-engine" (2 vols. 8vo; N. Y., J. Wiley 

 & Sons), which may be consulted in this connec- 

 tion, and especially for details of the theory and 

 the structure of this prime mover. 



