364 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Such tests (pi. 44, fig. 1) are fairly common in the Philippine ma- 

 terial, at some of the stations being very common, and there seems 

 little question as to what spengleri Gmelin really is. 



Of the synonyms given by d'Orbigny, Siderolites caldtrapoides 

 Lamarck is based upon a chalk fossil from Maestricht and I have been 

 able to study material from Maestricht kindly sent me from the 

 United States National Museum, and this is not the same, as will be 

 shown later. 



The next problem is Tinoporus baculatus Montfort. This has been 

 the cause of much dissension. Montfort refers to an earlier figure 

 of Fichtel and Moll of 1803 (pi. 15, figs. i. &.), Montfort also figures 

 the species. This figure shows a rounded test with three truncate 

 spinose projections at three of four equidistant points of the circum- 

 ference, the exterior of the test black with white points on both the 

 body and spines. The interior is shown as spiral [?] and composed 

 of numerous chambers with an indication that they are several deep 

 in the convex area. 



In the Philippine material especially from Albatross Station 

 D5134 (Sulu Archipelago, near Basilian Island Latitude 6 44' 

 45" N.; longitude 121 48' E 25 fathoms), there are numerous 

 specimens of a black form with four equidistant spines and numer- 

 ous raised tubercles over the surface, all corresponding very well 

 with the crude figure given by Montfort. The short generic descrip- 

 tion is as follows: 



"Coquille libre, univalve, cloisonnee et cellulee, spiree et lenti- 

 culaire, tet granule exterieurement ; bouche semi-lunaire, placee vers 

 la circonf erence et sur un des cotes \ dos carene, arme de quatre points 

 au plus ; les deux centres bombes et releves." 



The specimens from D5134 and elsewhere (pi. 44, fig. 3) are very 

 clearly the same as those Montfort had. It is a test very similar in 

 shape to spengleri Gmelin but has a greater amount of secondary 

 skeleton, the spines covered with spinose projections (indicated by 

 the white dots of Montfort 's figure) and the whole test spinose ex- 

 cept the centers of each side, which have high, conical tuberculations, 

 and on the ventral side the last formed chambers of the outer whorl 

 often more or less obscured by the surface ornamentation. There 

 are usually four spines at equidistant points on the periphery, some- 

 times five. This seems to be the adult of this particular species, 

 which, as has been said, is very common at certain stations. Mont- 

 fort's specimens were from the East Indies, also from the Arabian 

 Sea and the Adriatic. The sections of the Philippine specimens 

 show them to be spiral throughout, with a certain amount of piling 

 up of chambers in the central portions in late growth. If, then, the 

 baculatus Montfort is taken as this species, a second definite species 

 is segregated. 



