BUDS AND BRANCHES 



130 



ing bud of English wal- 

 nut, showing twice con- 

 duplicate vernation. 



FJG. 160. A 

 partly expanded 

 leaf of beech, 

 showing plicate- 

 conduplicate 

 vernation. 



many different ways, according to the shape 

 and texture of the leaf and 

 the space available for it in 

 the bud. When doubled back 

 and forth like a fan, or crum- 

 pled and folded as in the 

 buckeye, horse-chestnut, and 

 maple, the vernation is plicate 

 (Figs. 160, 162). 



156. Position of the flower 

 cluster. What do you find 



. . 



within the circle of leaves : 



Examine one Q f the sma ll e r 



axillary buds, and see if you find the same object within it. 

 If you are in any doubt as to what this object is, examine 

 a bud that is more expanded, and you will have no difficulty 

 in recognizing it as a rudimentary flower 

 cluster. Notice its position with refer- 

 ence to the scales and leaves. If at the 

 center of the bud, it will, of course, termi- 

 nate its axis when the 

 bud expands, and the 

 growth of the branch 

 will culminate in the 

 flower. The branching 

 of any kind of stem 

 that bears a central 

 flower cluster must, 

 then, be of what order ? 

 Compare your draw- 

 ings with the section of 

 a hyacinth bulb or 

 jonquil, and note the 

 similarity in position 

 of the flower clusters. 

 In a bud of the hick- 



a 



FIGS. 161,162. Buds 

 of maple : 161, vertical 

 section of a twig ; 162, 

 cross section through 

 bud, showing folded 

 leaves in center and scales 

 surrounding them. 



FIG. 163. Ver- 

 tical section of hick- 

 ory bud: a, furry in- 

 ner scales; 6, outer 

 scales ; I, folded leaf ; 

 r, receptacle. 



