PLANTING IN EXPOSED SITUATIONS. 9 



placed in sheltered situations, but removal should 

 take place twice a-year, in spring and autumn; and 

 at each remove a less sheltered situation should be 

 chosen, till they at last occupy a tolerably exposed 

 locality. They should always be kept planted as deep 

 as the top of the crate. At the close of the second 

 season they will be in a suitable condition to be 

 planted in their permanent places. They need not be 

 removed from their crates, as they will be quite rotten 

 before the roots are of sufficient size to be obstructed 

 by them. By adopting such a course, success will 

 be obtained where every other means have failed. 



It is also an excellent system to employ crates for 

 preparing trees intended for removal, even to favourable 

 situations. By using them larger and stronger, large 

 and valuable specimens may be removed without risk 

 of failure ; and the system is especially to be recom- 

 mended for trees which are known to transplant badly. 



In determining the distances which the permanent 

 plants should be placed from each other, no rule can 

 of course be given. As they are ultimately to form a 

 picturesque arrangement, a design will, of course, have 

 been previously decided on, in which their individual 

 characters, as well as effect in combination, will be re- 

 cognised. Due attention to this will prevent much sub- 

 sequent vexation. Where several are to form a group, 

 care must be taken that their ultimate appearance 

 will not be that of a clump the most unpicturesque 

 and artificial of all arrangements, and is that best calcu- 

 lated to destroy the individual character of the trees 

 composing it. They should be so placed that their 



