74 FAEM FORESTRY 



in the rows, the distance depending on the conditions of the 

 soil and the situation. On the poorer sites the trees should be 

 planted closely together. 



White pine grows in height at an average rate of about 

 a foot a year. Often a growth of several feet is made a year 

 on good soil. At 25 years of age under good conditions white 

 pine \vill vary m height from 25 to 30 feet, and in diameter 

 from 5 to 6 inches. The trees are badly damaged by the white 

 pine weevil, an insect that bores into the tip or leader and 

 kills it. This may cause a bushy or forked tree. The trees 

 are also subject to several diseases, especially to the blister 

 rust. For these reasons it must be planted with caution. 

 Although one of the fast-growing conifers and producing a 

 wood more valuable for many uses than any other tree, it may 

 be necessary to discontinue its use for forest planting because 

 of these enemies. It is common to mix the white pine with 

 some other tree, so that if the white pine fails the other tree 

 will form the future stand, a row of white pine alternating 

 with the other species. Norway pine is a good tree for this 

 purpose, as it grows nearly as fast as the white pine. European 

 spruce, European larch, red oak, white ash and hard maple 

 are other trees that can be used. 



Norway or Red Pine (Pinus resinosa). The natural range 

 of the Norway or red pine is along the northern border of 

 the country west to Minnesota and south to Pennsylvania. 

 It grows to be a tree 70 to 90 feet high and 2 to 3 feet in 

 diameter. It grows best on a sandy loam soil, well drained, 

 and of fair fertility, but it also thrives on poor, dry, sandy 

 soils. It is a hardy tree and not so susceptible to insect and 

 fungous attacks as is the white pine. It is propagated the 

 same as for white pine. It is often planted mixed with the 

 white pine. It grows well in pure stands. The wood is much 

 like white pine, though a little heavier and harder. At 30 

 years of age trees will reach 30 to 35 feet in height and from 

 5 to 6 inches in diameter. Being a native tree and not injured 



