132 The Farm Woodlot 



feet. Close spacing is required in order that the ground 

 may be covered and the soil protected as early as possible. 

 In thinning, the jack pine should be removed first, since 

 it is shorter lived and of poorer quality than the Norway 

 pine. Further thinning must be made in the Norway 

 pine itself. This mixture is a good one for sandy ground 

 in the Lake States. 



II. White pine and Norway spruce in equal proportion 

 6X6 feet. The spruce will endure more shade than the 

 pine and will serve as an understory forcing the pine 

 upward, thus producing tall trees. Thinnings should 

 begin with the spruce and later run into the pine. This 

 mixture is well adapted in the general range of the white 

 pine. 



III. Sugar maple and white pine in equal proportions 

 6X6 feet. This mixture of conifer and broadleaf is one 

 that has been very widely used with very good success 

 and can be used anywhere the maple and the pine occur 

 naturally. The maple is slow in growth, forms a dense 

 shade and serves as an understory, shading the ground 

 and maintaining good forest conditions. The pine is 

 forced into good height growth. Thinnings may take 

 place both in the pine and the maple and when the pine 

 is finally removed, a second crop of maple may be cut in a 

 comparatively short time. 



IV. Norway spruce and European larch in equal mix- 

 tures 6X6 feet. The larch growing more rapidly than 

 the spruce will form the overstory while the spruce forms 

 the understory and shades the ground. This mixture is 

 very suitable for poor, sandy soil in the Northeast. 



V. Chestnut and white pine 6X6 feet in equal propor- 



