Forest Utilization 223 



Beech. Wood alcohol ; wood ashes; charcoal; shoe 

 lasts; plane blocks; clothespins; handles; wooden 

 bowls; horse collars (hames) ; parquet strips; flooring; 

 street paving; railroad ties; sugar barrels; furniture 

 made from veneers, or bent after steaming ; chairs. 



Hop hornbeam. Posts; levers; tool handles; wagon 

 brakes; shoes; wed- 



]\'hit<- t>irch. Toothpicks ; shoe pegs and lasts ; wood 

 pulp; spools; clothespins; screws; flooring; veneers; 

 furniture; bobbins and spindles ; wooden skewers ; home- 

 made barrel hoops. 



Yellow birch. Furniture (usually mahogany finish); 

 match boxes; wheel hubs; tool handles; buttons; 

 brush backs ; shoe pegs ; clothespins ; sugar barrels ; dry 

 di-t illation for wood vinegar, wood alcohol, charcoal. 



Black birch. Imitation cherry and mahogany furni- 

 ture ; ship building; bark distilled for oil of winter- 

 green. 



Cottonwood. Boxes ; wood pulp and fiber ; slack 

 barrels ; woodenware ; flooring ; excelsior ; cores for 

 veneers in organs and pianos ; matches ; building lumber : 

 furniture: wagon beds; turnery; fence boards. 



\\ 'hite cedar. Posts; fencing; telegraph poles; rail- 

 road ties; tanks and buckets; shingles; street paving; 

 boats. 



Red cedar. - Tanks ; posts ; buckets ; telephone poles ; 

 jM-nciU ; interior finish. 



White pine. House building and finishing ; boxes and 

 crates; sash, doors, blinds; shingles; backing of fin 

 v'iKM-r> ; exri-Nor ; matches; laths; woodenware; slack 

 barrels; framing of machinery; furniture; patterns for 



