MAGNOLIACEJE. (MAGNOLIA FAMILY.) 11 



2. A. spicata, L., var. rubra, Ait. (!\ED COHOSH.) Like the pre- 

 ceding, but the pedicels not thickened in fruit, and the berries cherry-red. 

 Tennessee. May. 



19. CIMICIFUGA, L. BUGBANE. 



Sepals 4 - 5, ovate, colored, caducous. Petals 1-8, 2-lobed. Stamens very 

 numerous, the filiform filaments elongated. Ovaries 1 - 8, 1-celled, ripening 

 into many-seeded follicles. Tall perennial herbs, with large teruately com- 

 pound leaves, and long slender racemes of white flowers. 



* Ovary mostly single; stiyma large, depressed ; seeds horizontal, smooth. 



1. C. racemosa, Ell. (BLACK SNAKEROOT.) Stem 4-8 high; 

 leaves 3-teruate, the ovate or ovate-lanceolate leaflets sharply toothed and 

 serrate; racemes 6' -12' long, mostly branched, downy; follicles ovate, sessile 

 on the pedicel. Rich shady woods in the upper districts. 



# * Ovaries 3-8 ; stiyma minute ; seeds vertical, chujfy. 



2. C. Americana, Miclix. Stem 3 -4 high; leaves 3-ternate; leaflets 

 ovate, sharply toothed and serrate, the terminal one 3-lobed; racemes some- 

 what panicled ; follicles 3-5, compressed, obovate-oblong, short-stipitate. 

 Mountains of N. Carolina. June -July. 



3. C. COrdifolia, Pursh. Stem 2 -3 high; leaves 2-ternate, ovate or 

 cordate-ovate, 2 - 3-lobed, toothed and serrate ; racemes long, pauicled ; fol- 

 licles 2-3, oblong, sessile. High mountains of N. Carolina. Rare. June- 

 July. 



ORDER 2. MAGNOLIACE^E. (MAGNOLIA FAMILY.) 



Aromatic trees or shrubs, with simple alternate leaves, and regular 

 hypogynous flowers. Sepals and petals mostly alike, imbricated in 

 three or more rows in the bud. Stamens distinct or united. Anthers 

 adnate. Ovaries numerous, imbricated or whorled, 1 - 2-ovuled. Fruit 

 fleshy, baccate, or samara-like, distinct, or in cone-like heads. Seed 

 dry or baccate. Embryo minute at the base of fleshy albumen. 



Synopsis. 



SUBORDER I. WINTERED. Flowers perfect. Stamens numerous, separate. Ovaries 

 in a single whorl, 1-ovuled, becoming coriaceous follicles in fruit. Erect shrubs. 

 Leaves entire. Stipules none, 

 t. ILLICIUM. Leaves evergreen. Flowers nodding. 



SUBORDER II. SCHIZANDRE^E. Flowers monoecious. Stamens united. Ovaries 

 imbricated in a head, 2-ovuled, becoming scattered berries in fruit. Climbing shrubs. 

 Leaves deciduous, often toothed. Stipules none. 



2. SCHIZANDRA. Stamens 5, united into a 5-lobed disk. 



SUBORDER III. MAGNOlLIEx^E. Flowers perfect. Stamens numerous, separate. 

 Ovaries imbricated in a head, 2-ovuled. Fruit fleshy or somewhat woody, in cone- 

 like heads or spikes. Chiefly trees. Leaves entire. Stipules large. 



3. MAGNOLIA. Fruit fle-hy, dehiscent, persistent on the receptacle. Anthers introrFe. 



4. LIRIODENDRON. Fruit woody, iudehiscent, samara-like, deciduous. Anthers 



extrorse. 



