RUBIACE/E. (MADDER FAMILY.) 190 



Stigmas 2. Capsule 2-celled, free from the calyx above, opening across the 

 top. Seeds few or numerous. Albumen horny. Low herbs, with solitary 

 or cymose white or blue flowers. 



* Corolla salver-shaped : peduncles axillary, solitary. 



1. H. COBrulea, L. (INNOCENCE.) Perennial; stems erect, 4' -6' high; 

 radical leaves tufted, spatulate-obovate, obtuse, the upper .small and distant; 

 pedicels erect or declining; flowers nodding in the bud; corolla 5"- 6" wide, 

 blue or white with a yellow eye, its tube thrice the length of the subulate 

 calvx lobes; capsule obcordate. Low ground chiefly in the upper districts. 

 April -May. 



2. H. patens, Ell. Annual; stems erect ; radical leaves acute ; branches 

 and pedicels spreading ; flowers erect in the bud ; corolla 3" wide, deep blue, 

 and no yellow eye, its tube twice the length of the calyx lobes ; otherwise like 

 the preceding. Roadsides and dry banks. Feb. -April. 



3. H. serpyllifolia, Michx. Perennial, smooth; stems filiform, pros- 

 trate, branching; leaves ovate or roundish, abruptly contracted into a long 

 slender petiole ; peduncles elongated, terminal, and in the forks of the stem. 

 High mountains of North Carolina. Stems 6'- 12' long. Peduncles 1' 

 2' long. Flowers deep blue. 



4. H. rotundifolia, Michx. Perennial; stems diffuse, creeping ; leaves 

 round or oval, fleshy, abruptly contracted into a short petiole ; peduncles 

 mostly shorter than the leaves, recurved in fruit ; flowers white. Sandy soil 

 near the coast, Florida to South Carolina, and westward. Feb. - March, and 

 bearing inconspicuous fruiting flowers through the year. 



* * Corolla funnel-shaped: /lowers diceciously dimorphous : capsule free at the 

 apex : stem 4-anyled : /lowers in terminal cymes. 



5. H. purpurGa, L Pubescent; stem branching, erect; leaves ovate 

 or lanceolate-ovate, sessile, 3 - 5-ribbed ; calyx lobes longer than the capsule ; 

 corolla purple or nearly white, slightly hairy within ; capsule roundish. 

 Woods, chiefly in the upper districts. June -July. Stems 8' -12' high. 

 Calyx lobes occasionally 3-4 times the length of the capsule. 



Var. longifolia, Gray. Smooth ; leaves lanceolate or linear, 1-ribbed, the 

 lowest spatulate-obloug ; calyx lobes as long as the globose capsule. With 

 the preceding. 



Var. tenuifolia, Gray. Branches and pedicels filiform, spreading; 

 leaves remote, narrow-linear ; flowers and capsules smaller. Mountains of 

 North Carolina. July. 



6. H. angustifolia, Michx. Smooth; root woody; stems clustered, 

 erect, branching above ; leaves linear ; cymes crowded, with the central 

 flowers nearly sessile ; corolla white, very hairy within ; capsule ovoid, as 

 long as the calyx teeth. Sandy pine barrens, Florida, and westward. June - 

 July. Stems 1 - 2 high. 



Var. fllifolia, Gray. Stems shrubby at the base, diffusely branched; 

 leaves filiform, remote ; cymes scattered, 3-flowered, the slender pedicels 

 equal and spreading; capsule obcordate, rather longer than the calyx teeth, 

 the upper half free. South Florida. Stem slender, 6' - 10' long. Flowers 

 and capsules very small. 



