272 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



flowered ; involucre smooth ; achenia short, riot narrowed upward. Open 

 woods along the mountains, Georgia, and northward. August -Sept Stem 

 2 - 3 high. Peduncles filiform. 



5. H. Marianum, Willd. Stem leafy, 2-3 high; leaves oblong, hir- 

 sute beneath, the lowest tapering into the densely hirsute petiole, the upper 

 distant, sessile; heads small, corymbose; involucre glandular-hispid; acheiiia 

 slender, cylindrical. Mountains of Georgia, and northward. July. 



92. PRENANTHES, Vaill. 



Heads 5 - 20-flowered. Involucre cylindrical, composed of 5-14 linear 

 scales, and several short exterior ones. Receptacle naked. Achenia linear- 

 oblong or cylindrical, furrowed, glabrous, not narrowed upward. Pappus of 

 numerous straw-colored or brownish bristly hairs. Perennial herbs, with 

 bitter tuberous roots, entire or variously lobed leaves, and mostly nodding 

 heads of yellowish white or purplish flowers, in short racemes or clusters. 



1. P. crepidinea, Michx. Smoothish ; stem tall, corymbosely panic-led; 

 leaves oblong-ovate or somewhat hasrate, acute, unequally toothed, the lowest 

 on winged petioles ; involucre brown, hairy, of 12 - 14 scales, 20-35-flowered; 

 pappus light brown. Mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee. Sept. 

 Stem 5 - 8 high. Lower leaves 8'- 12' long. Flowers yellowish white. 



2. P. alba, L. Smooth; stem paniculate, purplish ; leaves acutish, angled, 

 toot lied, or variously 3 - 5-1 obed or parted; the lowest petioled ; the upper- 

 most nearly sessile; racemes short, spreading; involucre purplish, of about 8 

 scales, 8- 12-flowered ; pappus light brown ; flowers white or cream-color. 

 Open woods in the upper districts of Georgia, and northward. Sept. Stem 

 3 - 4 high. 



3. P. altissima, L. Smooth ; stem simple or sparingly branched above ; 

 leaves thin, ovate or cordate, petioled, acuminate, denticulate, or the lower 

 ones palmately 3-5-cleft or parted; heads in small axillary and terminal 

 clusters, forming a long panicle ; involucre slender, greenish, of about 5 scales, 

 5 - 6-flowered ; pappus dirtv white or straw-colored. Varies with the wavy- 

 toothed leaves, deltoid ; the lowest hastate - 3-angled or parted. Woods 

 along the mountains, Georgia, and northward. Sept. Stem 3 - 5 high. 

 Flowers yellowish, or greenish white. 



4. P. serpentaria, Pursh. Smooth or slightly pubescent ; stem corym- 

 Iioselv panic-led above; leaves deltoid, mucronate, pinnately 3 7-lobed, on 

 winged petioles ; the upper lanceolate, often entire ; clusters small, terminal ; 

 involucre greenish, smooth or hairy, of about 8 scales, 8 - 12-flowered ; pappus 

 straw-color. Varies with the lanceolate or oblong leaves mostly fessile, or 

 the uppermost clasping; the 12- 15-flowered involucre hirsute with long 

 purplish hairs. Dry sterile soil, Florida, and northward. Sept. Stem 1 -- 

 4 high. 



5. P. virgata, Michx. Smooth ; stem simple, virgato; loaves lanceolate, 

 acute, sessile or partly clasping ; the uppermost sm.-ill, entire; the lowest 

 deeply pinnatifid, on margined petioles; clusters of beads small, racemose; 

 involucre smo >tb, purplish, of about 8 scales, 8 -12-flowered ; pappus straw- 



