306 SCROPHULARIACE.E. (FIGWOKT FAMILY.) 



ORDER 90. SCROPHULARIACE^E. (FIGWORT FAMILY.) 



Chiefly herbs. Leaves commonly opposite, without stipules. Calyx 

 4 - 5-clef t, or parted. Corolla 4 - 5-lobed, regular, or bilabiate ; the 

 lobes imbricated in the bud. Fertile stamens 4 (sometimes 2, rarely 

 5), mostly didynamous, inserted on the tube of the corolla : anther 

 cells often separate, opening lengthwise. Ovary free, 2-celled, many- 

 ovuled. Placentae central. Style simple or 2-cleft. Capsule 2-celled, 

 many- (rarely 1 - few-) seeded. Seeds auatropous. Embryo small, 

 in copious albumen. 



Synopsis. 



1. Upper lip of the corolla exterior in the bud (except Mimulus). Capsule commonly 



septicidally dehiscent. 



* Stamens 5, all perfect. Corolla regular. 



1. VERBASCUM. Corolla wheel-ohaped. Filaments, or a part of them, bearded. Leaves 



alternate. 



* * Fertile stamens 4 ; the fifth sterile or rudimentary. Flowers cymose. Leaves opposite. 



2. SCROPHULARIA. Fifth stamen scale-like. Corolla globose or oblong; four of the 



lobes short and erect. 



3. CHELONE. Fifth stamen shorter than the others. Corolla tubular, inflated, con- 



tracted at the tliroat. Seeds winged. 



4. PENTSTEMON. Fifth stamen as long as the others. Corolla dilated upward. Seeds 



wingless. 



* * * Fertile stamens 4 : sterile ones none. Flowers axillary or racemed. 



5. LINARIA. Corolla spurred at the base. Capsule toothed at the apex. 

 C. MIMULUS. Calyx tubular, 5-auglet', 5-toothed. Corolla large. 



7. HERPESTIS. Calyx 5-parted ; the three outer lobes much larger. Corolla short. 



8. CONOBEA. Calyx 5-parted, the lobes equal. Leaves pinnatifid. 



* # * * Fertile stamens 2 : sterile ones 2 or none. 



9. GRATIOLA. Calyx 5-parted. Sterile filaments entire, included. Capsule ovate or 



globose. 



10. ILYSANTHES. Calyx 5-parted. Sterile filaments 2-cleft, exserted. Capsule oblong. 



11. MICRANTHEMUM. Calyx 4-parted. A scale-like appendage below the filaments. 



2. Upper lip of the corolla interior in the bud. Capsule commonly loculicidally dehiscent. 



* Corolla regular or slightly 2-lipped : the lobes nearly equal. 



H- Stamens 2, distant. Capsule mostly obcordate. 



12. AMPHIANTHUS. Style 2-cleft. Flowers solitary, terminating the central scape and 



in the axils of the tufted radical leaves. 



13. VERONICA. Style simple. Flowers in leafy racemes or spikes. 



<- +- Stamens 3-5, equal. Peduncles axillary, 2 or more together. 



14. CAPRARIA. Corolla bell-shaped, 5-cleft. Capsule loculicidal. Leaves alternate. 



15. SCOPARIA. Corolla wheel-shaped, 4-cleft. Capsule septicidal. Leaves opposite or 



whorled. 

 in. HYDRANTHELIUM. Corolla 3-cleft. Stamens 3. 



-i- -i- -i- Stamens 4. Flowers racemed or spiked. 



H- Anthers 1 -celled. 

 17. BUCHNERA. Corolla salver-shaped. Stamens didynamous. Flowers spiked. 



H- ++ Anthers 2-celled. Stamens equal. 



IS. SEYMERIA. Corolla bell-shaped, yellow. Stamens included. 

 19. MACRANTHERA. Corolla tubular, orange. Stamens long-exserted. 



