368 VERBENACE.E. (VERVAIN FAMILY.) 



with hooked hairs, ovoid ; fruit ovate, 4-augled, the angles armed with tuber- 

 cular spines, pointed by the persistent bent style. South Florida. Leaves 

 l'-2' long. Spikes 6'- 9' long, terminal and in the forks of the stem. 



2. VERBENA, L. VERVAIN. 



Calyx tubular, 5-ribbed, 5-toothed. Corolla salver-shaped, bearded in the 

 throat ; the linab somewhat bilabiate, 5-lobed. Stamens 4, didyuamous, in- 

 cluded. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary 4-celled. Fruit of four separate 1-seeded 

 nutlets. Herbs, with serrate or pinuately divided leaves, and mostly small 

 flowers in lengthening slender spikes. 



# Anthers of the longer stamens tipped with a gland-like appendage: flowers 



showy. 



1. V. Aubletia, L. Hairy; stem creeping at the base, ascending, fork- 

 ing ; leaves ovate-oblong, 3-cleft, with the lobes toothed, narrowed into a 

 slender petiole ; spikes terminal and in the forks of the stem, long-peduucled, 

 closely flowered ; calyx slender, the unequal teeth subulate ; corolla showy, 

 purple. Dry light soil, Florida to South Carolina, and westward. May - 

 August. Stem 6' - 12' high. Corolla \' long. 



* * Anthers without appendages : flowers small. 

 - Leaves undivided. 



2. V. urticifolia, L. Rough-hairy ; stem tall, branching ; leaves ovate- 

 oblong, acute or acuminate, mucronate-serrate, contracted at the base into a 

 long petiole ; spikes very long, filiform, axillary and terminal ; flowers minute, 

 white or pale blue. Low ground. August -Oct. Stem 2 -5 high. 

 Leaves very rough, 2' -6' long. 



3. V. hastata, L. Rough-hairy; stem branching; leaves oblong-lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, coarsely and sharply serrate, tapering into a long petiole ; the 

 lowest broader, and sometimes hastate-lobed at the base ; spikes linear, short, 

 close-flowered; flowers violet. Low ground, in the upper districts. July- 

 Sept. Stem 2 -3 high. Flowers larger than in No. 2. 



4. V. stricta, Vent. Softly pubescent ; stem mostly simple ; leaves ses- 

 sile, oblong, serrate ; spikes thick, densely flowered ; flowers rather large, blue. 



Barrens of Tennessee, and westward. Stem l-2 high. 



5. V. Bonariensis, L. Pubescent and scabrous ; stem much branched 

 (2 -3 high); leaves lanceolate, serrate, auriculate-clasping ; panicle dense, 

 cymose, the spikes short ; tube of the purple corolla twice as long as the calyx. 



Roadsides near Charleston ( Curtiss). Introduced. 



6. V. angustifolia, Michx. Rough-hairy ; stem simple, or branched 

 above ; leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, rather obtuse, coarsely serrate, 

 tapering from near the apex to the sessile base ; spikes linear, terminal, close- 

 flowered ; flowers purple. Dry woods. July -Sept. Stem 6'- 12' high. 

 Flowering spikes 2' -6' long. 



7. V. Caroliniana, Michx. Rough with short rigid hairs ; stem ascend- 

 ing; leaves oblong, or the lowest oblong-obovate, sharply and doubly ser- 

 rate, entire toward the narrowed base, sessile; spikes 1-3, elongated; 



